目錄 Contents

科學知面的刺點，宛如藝術創作的靈韻。在時間交會的粹煉裡，等待可遇不可求的乍現。透過鏡頭的再現，傳講霎時浮光的狂喜。

The punctum of science-based studium is like the aura of artistic creation. In the pureness of the intersection of time, it is necessary to wait for a moment that you cannot predict. Through the lens, the delight of that moment is conveyed and explained.

~楊翎　Yang, Lin

隨著年事漸長，上課的內容也越來越隨興，以前規規矩矩地講述日月星辰、火箭飛船。但因緣際會來到了博物館，這座知識的殿堂，打開了我從不同角度欣賞自然之美和宇宙之奇的視野，深刻瞭解了「自然」和「科學」的表裏關係，因此會開始在課堂上鼓勵同學：「在自然中看見科學，用科學來理解自然！」這話還在規矩範圍之內。但後來就越發走火入魔、離經叛道，現在常說的，是「不要再用科學教科學」了，而要用「藝術」、「人文」、「生活」和「大自然」來教科學！

無論是鋼琴的優美合音，還是銅劍的合金比例，背後其實都是科學；先民觀察自然，發現規律，錘鍊工藝，嘗試錯誤，長期下來累積了豐富的科學知識，發而為生活智慧，福蔭後人。每每攬讀科學史，這辛苦過程令人慨嘆！但今天後生有福，科學描述和傳遞的過程，竟然已經成了輕鬆愉快、優雅流暢的藝術展演和美感體驗！我說的，就是「科學攝影」！

2013年初在華山展出的普立茲攝影展，點燃了李家維、王榮文和我三個人對「科學攝影」的發想和期待。科博館已經有了「科普寫作」和「科學繪畫」，若能加上「科學攝影」，用人文手法記錄科學事實的過程就會顯得更為完整！2013年，科博館出現了「驚艷‧新視野」的得獎作品展，這個形式簡單但內涵豐富的展覽還真的讓人驚艷！

這個面對全球華人的比賽從零開始，在展示組楊翎的悉心策劃下，轉眼已經四年三屆，作品的質與量持續成長，結合了廣達企業的支持，也有了北京自然博物館的加入，熱心的企業更提供了「百里獎」（財團法人廣達文教基金會）、「拓凱獎」（拓凱教育基金會），和紀慧能獎（財團法人紀慧能藝術文化基金會），讓實質的獎勵更為豐厚，看起來這朵原先生自科博館庭園矮牆邊的小苗，將會逐漸長成葉茂根深的大樹。

好東西總要和好朋友分享，第一本「科學攝影」的得獎作品集在2014年初就以明信片總集的方式出版，深獲好評。在這之後，楊翎沒有停下腳步，第一屆和第二屆的精彩作品集合成一書，於2016年上半年出了「驚艷‧新視野－科學攝影事件簿」，而時間來到2017年底的現在，三屆合集的「等待>祕鏡－科學攝影事件簿選集」得獎作品的精華集也即將出版！

不只如此，科博館和基金會同仁齊心合力，除了大型展覽和專書出版之外，也舉辦了攝影專題講座、工作坊、參觀活動，和戶外拍攝，圍繞著科學攝影的主題，發展出系列且多元的活動，讓單一比賽的價值發揮到極大！

提筆寫序之前，信手翻閱新書，看到拍攝者在紐西蘭南島的蒂卡波湖畔拍到的南天銀河，那是我熟悉的畫面，但是卻交疊了自然與人工的精巧，流星劃過和人造衛星形成的對稱交錯，和地面上教堂尖塔的十字架遙相呼應，這已經不是在「祕境」長期「等待」就能竟其功，還要有「創意」和「聯想」！

拍攝者的辛勤乍喜，得獎時的歡樂成就，再加上讀者閱讀時賞心悅目的知識提升，組合成了科博館「科學攝影」的完整體驗。帶這本書回家吧！不需「等待」，也不用「祕鏡」，翻開扉頁，您就可以馳騁在科學體驗的浩瀚原野上了！

等待，是為著瞥見永恆的剎那…

Waiting is for Glimpsing the Moment of Eternity...

國立自然科學博物館 館長

Sun, Wei-hsin

攝影的忐忑，在於按下快門時，似乎已知的未知。其絕妙，則在於觀看時，似乎往已知邊界探查出多一點的未知。

對於作者和觀者皆然。

The intensity of photography is that when you press down on the shutter button it is as if entering the unknown. While observing, it is almost as if you are at the boundary of the known and are witnessing a bit of the unknown. It is the same for both the person taking the photograph and the person observing it.

~譚美芳　Tan, Mei-fang

以文化之鏡穿透科學的原理

徜徉於「等待＞祕鏡：第三屆科學攝影」展示空間，泛藍光的水漾星球意象，映射著多元異質的物種和物性：維管束、真菌、節肢動物、兩棲爬蟲、鳥獸、岩礦、物理化學、天文等跨領域現象，透過不同鏡頭角度的觀察與探索，開啟人與非人之間的流動，並藉由文字的解譯和揭示，體現公民對歧異世界的審美想像和科學邏輯，穿越從自然到文化的共存現實，表達互為擬仿的共享心智。

國立自然科學博物館（以下簡稱科博館）於2013年啟動的「驚豔•新視野：科學攝影」活動，以華人世界豐厚的科學資產和知識為基礎，透過徵件、比賽、展示、教育研習、專書出版、媒體推廣、巡迴展示等方式。將公民的科學能量透過攝影技藝的釋放公諸於世，無論是工作、學習或純粹為了樂趣，讓民間的高手們更容易接近博物館。

自第三屆開始，科博館與北京自然博物館合作辦理兩岸徵件。緣起於鄭鈺女士參觀第一屆「驚豔‧新視野：科學攝影」特展後，認為這是一項值得在大陸推廣的科普教育典範。接之於北京自然博物館啟動「『豔•遇』科學攝影講習、徵評及展示」活動，安排系列科學攝影講座、戶外拍攝等活動，內容涵蓋昆蟲攝影、植物攝影、天文攝影、顯微攝影、水下攝影、水族箱生物攝影、考古攝影、手機攝影，企圖透過各領域科學攝影工作者的現身說法，介紹科學攝影概念和拍攝技巧，同時也在微信公眾號建立科學攝影社群，將普羅大眾帶進科學攝影的大門。得證科學圖像所揭露的知識和原理，超越社會地域脈絡和政治意識形態的疆界，具有普世共享的流通性。由此促成兩岸合作輪流主辦的契機。

2016年10月底，來自全球華人合於參賽資格的作品總計423件，大陸區有164件（成年人155件、青少年9件），臺灣區有259件（成年人241件、青少年18件），含香港、馬來西亞各3件，法國1件。經過長達5個月的初審、複審過程，決選出3名優選：南方的十字架（百里獎）、巧遇蛇蜥護卵（拓凱獎）、水珠（紀慧能獎），2名廣達青少年特別獎：五色鳥表演舌上功夫、凱門鱷與蚊，以及57名佳作。入選作品中，臺灣地區計49件、大陸地區計13件。拍攝主題以昆蟲與蜘蛛46.8%最多，其次是物理與化學16.1%，水下與海洋12.9%，動物拼圖9.7%，天文6.5%、地質、植物與真菌各3.2%、顯微醫學1.6%。歷屆得獎作品中，節肢動物類所占比例皆為最高（詳表1）。

攝影者、博物館員和觀眾，如何在自然圖像中製造科學的意義？如何解構成真理限定的論述？涉及文化對科學的態度。策展者以「等待＞祕鏡」為第三屆策展主題，主要基於參賽作品，多是經過長期觀察、假設、實驗或操作等種種等待，始攫取到按下快門的精彩瞬間，並藉由研究分析的過程，歸納出現象背後的科學原理。並依循科普傳播對分類秩序的要求，委請館內外不同領域的學者專家進行中英文內容審查，為每件作品科學圖說和技術說明潤校，同時反覆求證科學視點與邏輯理性之間的規範異差。

長久以來，絕對標準科學知識是否存在的議題，受到科學哲學思維的質疑和挑戰。也許，對法國哲學家李歐塔（Jean-Francois Lyotard）而言，科學知識與敘事知識只是一種語言的遊戲。但無可否認，「影像」作為一種據以想像世界的載體，「科學」是人們認識事物所依賴的基礎，影像所揭露的科學知識和原理，或許無法完全得到證實，然其可共享的媒介特性，藉以傳布來自社會脈絡的多樣化知識力，過程本身即是一種文化對科學的考掘。

公民科學的互觀與互識

博物館展示空間，提供被攝者、攝影者、策展者、觀眾四方互觀與互識的場域。

是誰的作品？以臺灣區129位參賽者為例，職業以學生43.4%所占比率最高（高中及以下參賽者計18位，大學系所38位），其次是自由業（含影像工作者、醫護、環保）18.6%，軍公教16.3%，工商服務業（含科技、建築業）14.7%，家管／退休或待業中6.2%，農業0.8%；投稿組數以1件（44.96%）和3件（43.41%）最多，其次為2件（11.63%）。使用器材包括：相機、鏡頭（微距鏡、近攝、魚眼）、轉接環、閃光燈、柔光罩、補光板、腳架、快門線等。值得注意的是，第三屆大陸地區參與者和得獎者人數激增，並在優選和青少年獎方面，皆有亮眼的表現（如表2、表3）。

繼第一屆「驚豔•新視野」展的鸚鵡螺隔室風，第二屆「自然與藝術之迷」展的綠野迷宮概念後，第三屆「等待＞祕鏡」展，以藍色海洋星球為設計主調，從「水珠」、「南方的十字架」、「液體圓舞曲」等作品發想，營造人類探索日月星辰和海洋的氛圍情境，串連內外太空各異質的主題。水意象從迴廊延伸到展場內，核心焦點由生命之源──一滴水珠掉落的漣漪效應展開。天幕投射多視窗推播媒體，地板則反射流動水珠和貝串的光點，背景的水晶音樂，喚起童年初心的「迪士尼的回憶」。展場角落的互動電子書內嵌動態影片，完整呈現歷屆作品內容。9部攝影者自述影片，則傳達更深入的背景訊息。同時承襲鋁擠型框構、中空板等輕隔間材料，以利巡迴展出。

縱觀科學攝影舉辦三屆以來，總計安排了18場特展暨巡迴展；從小學至大學，從地方館到國家級博物館，跨足北、中、南全臺灣，並延伸至北京和廣州等地（詳表4）。2017年起，廣達文教基金會《游於藝》校園推廣計畫開始與科博館合作，首推「見微知美──驚豔新視野」主題，安排科學攝影作品至14所學校巡迴展出。累積相當豐碩成果。

觀者•眾

相對於被拍攝的本源而言，展場影像具備某種再現的媒介性質，科學意義透過攝影者的圖文解說，同時也包含觀者之想像和再現背景的改變，不斷地擴張或是收縮對圖像的認知。換句話說，圖像的意義在於提供科學的暗示，同一張圖像面對不同的時、地或觀者，都可能產生不同的科學詮釋。

大部分的觀者，是透過網路、展示、科普講座或工作坊參與科學攝影活動。問卷統計顯示（N=600）：女性（64.5%）多於男性（35.5%）；年齡層集中在11至40歲（31-40歲25.6%、21-30歲25.1%、11-20歲24%）；居住地中部地區占約4分之3（74.8%），其次是北部地區（16.9%）；教育程度以大專最多（56%），其次為研究所（24.1%）和中學（15.5%）；主修背景以理工（23%）最多，其次是商管（17.0%），人文社會（13.1%）和高中以下未分科（12.6%）。職業以學生（37.5%）最多，其次是軍警公教（18.3%），工商製造（13.6%），家管／退休或待業中（12.5%）。攝影經驗從大專（專科、大學）時期開始最多，其次是中學時期（26.8%），小學及以下（16.8%）和出社會後（15.2%）。

平時做記錄的習慣以攝影（85.3%）最多，接之為文字、圖像。最常用的器材為手機或平板電腦（92.8%）和單眼相機。多數人憑直覺經驗操作（76.8%），或自我學習。拍照場合以日常生活最多，其次是興趣主題，工作，婚喪喜慶。拍攝對象以自然生態（80.7%）居多，再來是人物、城鄉景觀、人文民俗、藝術設計（詳表5）。

填答者參觀過科學攝影展示者占56.1%（N=360），以第三屆最多（90.0%）。對攝影作品滿意度平均值（Mean）高達4.72（五等量表）。 喜歡主題依次為：海洋與水生生物（65.6%），天文，動物與鳥類，昆蟲與蜘蛛，植物與真菌／理化現象，地質與礦物，實驗室顯微攝影。認為攝影作品吸引人的原因：圖片捕捉取得不易，獨特稀有（73.6%），畫面賞心悅目，有藝術價值，圖文故事生動、引發共鳴和探索興趣，攝影角度和手法新穎有創意。參觀身分以一般觀眾（51.7%）為主，其次是會員（27%），優惠入館（18.1%）和免費入館觀眾（6.8%）。參觀目的依次為：專程吸收新知（52.2%），親子親友共遊或約會（42.3%），附近順道一遊（24.1%），閒逛／無特別目的（19.4%），學校教學／作業報告／參加活動（8.7%）。

各項展示指標之參觀滿意度（N=358，五等量表）平均值皆超過4.3（詳表6）。1推薦展覽理由：作品精彩／主題新意（81.9%），再來是推廣教育活動功能，展場設計氣氛佳。對攝影展的建議有：應多加宣傳，讓更多人知道（75.3%），經常舉辦教育推廣活動和多巡迴展出。參觀後的收穫或感想，以增進對周遭事物的觀察和認知能力（61.9%）最多，其次是獲得科學知識，科學畫面可以從藝術的角度去欣賞，了解什麼是科學攝影，攝影題材有各種多樣性的可能，可以觀摹各種攝影角度和技術手法（詳表7）。半數以上考慮參加下屆科學攝影比賽。

在科普研習方面，填答者（N=69）以曾參加第三屆者居多（44.94%），其次是第一屆（39.33%）和第二屆（15.73%）。滿意度平均值由高至低分別為：活動場地（M=4.63），主題內容、講員、主持人和服務人員（M=4.60），公告訊息（M=4.55）。偏好活動類型，以攝影專題講座（69.6%）和戶外實拍（55.1%）最多，其次是得獎者經驗分享和技術研習（29.0%），再來是書籍導讀會（15.8%）。

就參觀偏好而言，透過網際網路（網站、電子報、社群網站、電子信函，55%）得知活動訊息者為多，其次是來館才得知（47.3%），平面媒體（海報、外帆布旗、文宣單張、公車亭廣告、報紙、雜誌，34.2%），人際網絡（學校、社團、親朋好友、行銷人員、口耳傳播，25.9%）和電子媒體（電視、廣播，17.8%）。最近一次來科博館的行程，以參觀特展最多（60.3%），其次是生命科學廳（53.3%）、科學中心（45.7%），地球環境廳（37.1%），人類文化廳（36.3%），劇場（26.2%）、植物園（23.3%），教育演示活動或影展（14.2%）。期待的展示內容領域依序為生物學（54.3%），天文（49.1%），考古學（35%），古生物（34.7%），多元多樣（31.4%），醫藥衛生（30.7%），科技發展（29.4%），視覺傳達與文創設計（28.2%），時勢熱點事件（22.9%），民族學（22.5%），地質（21%）和物理化學數學（20.9%）。

綜結而言，科學攝影提供者和觀者皆以學生，喜愛自然生態和天文領域者為最大宗。攝影經驗大多從大專時期開始，平時偏好用手機或平板電腦做生活記錄，且多是透過自我學習方式操作工具。認為攝影作品之所以吸引人，是因圖片捕捉取得不易，獨特稀有且精彩有新意。對科博館舉辦活動表示高度肯定，認為參觀展示後，可增進對周遭事物觀察和認知能力，並獲得科學知識。建議活動應多加宣傳，讓更多人知道。

對博物館而言，攝影重要的意義在於它是一種再現的成品，是處於社會公民脈絡內的一種表意實踐。「被觀看者」、「拍攝者」、「照片被拍攝的那一刻」與「觀者」之間，所處文化位置距離和疊合現象，同時也顯示出公民追求理解「科學」時的各種面向。

結語

對大多數的人來說：眼見為憑。攝影是對真實世界最忠實完美的再現，提供客觀寫實紀錄，藉此自然物得以穿透文化的透鏡，證實是一種異時限的存在，作為因果推衍、回溯時空的重要佐證。循此，科學攝影作品之於博物館，必然被當作科學溝通的媒介與技術，視作理解世界的方法之一，無論在方法上或內容分析上，都要求具備科學邏輯和理論意涵。

另一方面，博物館提供公民多向互觀和互識的展演空間，同時也是科學知面、感情和意向交叉所構成的「相互主體性」交流場域。觀者透過攝影者和博物館的詮釋，領會作品中指稱的物性，並和個人經驗構連。於此，影像的科學刺點，同時也潛在「換喻性」的擴展力。

從非人穿越人之鏡，影像獨特地透過經驗的再現而揭示出經驗的存在。區辨文化邏輯下寫實、真實與想像之間的游離特性，才有可能更進一步理解科學知識建構的豐富層次。

穿越非人到人之鏡：從公民科學的觀與識談起

Inhuman to Human through the Lens: Discussion on the Observation and Awareness of Citizen Science

楊翎 Yang, Lin

1.孫維新館長頒發感謝狀給合辦和協辨單位。圖／楊翎

2.第三屆領奬者與評審團於展示開幕式合影。圖／蔡錫渝

1.「等待>祕鏡：第三屆科學攝影」展場模擬圖。圖／李佳真

2-3.第三屆科學攝影海報二式。圖／侯虹如

4.一滴水珠，落凡於藍色星球，由此擴散漣漪的效應。圖／林芳宜

5.博物館作為公民科學互觀和互識的場域。圖／楊翎

6.展場提供藍色星球水域悠遊的氛圍。圖／楊翎

7.經檢疫加熱處理過的木製箱體，由貨車載運至各巡迴單位。圖／楊翎

8.廣達企業總部「見微知美──驚豔新視野」預展之科學攝影作品。圖／楊翎

科普教育活動也不遑多讓，三屆總計辦理14場。基於投件者「蟲仔隊」陣容最為堅強，自然學友之家於第三屆推出「盛夏蟲影：科學攝影初階工作坊」（2017.8.18-19）；同時依循科學攝影開辦以來的傳統，舉辦「看見最精美的大自然：科學攝影得獎者經驗分享」（9.16）講座，邀請得獎者解述攝影作品的拍攝背景和技巧；「當單眼愛上複眼：科學攝影書籍導讀會」（9.16），則由第二屆優選獎得主楊維晟先生，分享如何從藝術和美學的角度來接近昆蟲，並和與談人劉德祥博士交換心得，透過微觀見宏觀的角度，以鏡頭開展自然與人密不可分的視界。此外，106年度臺南市博物館與地方文化館人才培育工作坊，以科學攝影展為例，安排學員練習設計學習單。同時為順應多元化社會對文化平權的重視，科博館與國立臺北藝術大學博物館研究所和財團法人臺中聲暉協進會合作，策劃「傾聽科學攝影工作坊」（12.16），藉由講座、參觀、微距操作、標本攝影、戶外拍攝活動等，期待以更友善的態度，提供聽力不便朋友參與體驗科學攝影的實作過程。

1.得獎者攝影經驗分享座談，是從科學攝影活動開辦以來的傳統。圖／楊翎

2.主講者綜合座談(自右至左)：李坤瑄、范姜俊承、范又方、李鍾旻、蔡岳霖先生。圖／楊翎

3.講者妙語如珠，聽眾笑得合不攏嘴。圖／楊翎

註1. 平均符碼值（Mean ）：5=非常滿意；4=滿意；3=普通；2=不滿意；1=非常不滿意。

附錄：

表1：歷屆得獎作品主題類型統計

表2：歷屆投件合格數量區域統計表

表3：歷屆得獎者居住地統計

表4：歷屆科學攝影特展暨巡迴展場次

表5：公民攝影的經驗與習慣（N=600）

表6：參觀展示滿意度平均值表列（n=358，五等量表）

表7：科學攝影展示參觀經驗（N=360）

等待，機會，瞬間，凝結，讚嘆！自然現象的真、善、美，經過視網膜上的神經傳導，轉換為腦海中的驚嘆和記憶；但是科學攝影者卻利用手上的相機，將這些逝去的光學刺激，化為永恆的剎那。

Waiting for an opportunity, for an instant, condensing, and gasping! The truth and beauty of natural phenomena bring surprise and leave a lasting impression when transferred from the retina through the nerves to the brain. Science image photographers use their cameras to transform visually stimulating phenomena into eternal moments.

~林思民　Lin, Si-min

國立自然科學博物館「等待>祕鏡：第三屆科學攝影特展」於2017年盛夏開幕，自然學友之家特別規劃系列教育推廣活動。除了保留往例優良傳統，舉辦「看見最精美的大自然：科學攝影得獎者經驗分享」座談會，同時邀請前兩屆得獎者楊維晟先生，在「當單眼愛上複眼：科學攝影書籍導讀會」上，分享其拍攝歷程和作品意涵。此外，本屆更首次辦理「盛夏蟲影：科學攝影初階工作坊」，提供許多基礎知識與操作實務，並帶領學員到戶外實際拍攝，以增進大眾對於科學攝影的認識。

科學攝影初階工作坊以較好拍攝的「昆蟲」為主角，帶領學員由淺入深、認識到理解、理論到實踐，循序漸進的學習科學攝影工作。首先，由擁有多年科學攝影特展策展經驗的楊翎博士，講述科學攝影作為公民科學實踐的觀與視，並回顧歷屆得獎作品，帶領學員理解科學、攝影及藝術之間的交集。接著，由劉德祥博士以自身豐富的拍攝經驗，詳細說明相機上的各種模式適合用在甚麼樣的情境、各有甚麼優缺點，並且分享自己的拍攝方法與作品，將深厚的拍攝功力不吝傳授給各位學員。正所謂「工欲善其事，必先利其器」，雖然操作相機、按下快門的是自己的雙手，但究竟是你在操控你的相機，抑或你的相機在控制你拍下甚麼樣的影像？此外，經常拿著相機出沒在本館庭院的王明仁助理研究員，也分享了他如何在科博館偌大的庭院尋找拍攝素材。課程得到學員熱烈迴響，課後仍有許多學員圍繞著講者討論呢！

嘗試科學攝影中的微距攝影，你準備好了嗎？接下來的課程聚焦於「微距生態攝影」，微距攝影是以非常近的距離拍攝，取得比原實物放大許多倍的影像，能夠清楚呈現被拍攝主體的細微構造，通常以昆蟲、植物等作為拍攝主題。可想而知，微距攝影的方式和技巧想必與一般攝影非常不一樣吧！因此，我們邀請到經驗豐富的微距生態攝影師李惠永先生，來帶領大家走入微距攝影的世界，一窺生態攝影的全貌。曾為英國廣播公司（BBC）拍攝生態影像的李老師，由基本器材和原理出發，講述光圈、快門、感光值（ISO值）、白平衡的設定及其影響。更進一步說明焦平面的概念、閃光燈的使用、光線的柔化、反光板及輔助工具的應用等。李老師特別強調焦平面的概念，焦平面若與拍攝主體平行，則可拍出更多昆蟲身上的細節。

結束內容非常紮實的講解後，學員們躍躍欲試地開始實際練習拍攝。館方提供燈源，大白斑蝶、鍬形蟲等性質不一的標本，以及珍珠板、鋁箔紙和描圖紙等，讓學員們發揮巧思，一面運用材料製作輔助工具達到柔光效果，同時調整光源的位置和強度，在檢查自己拍攝的照片後，再度調整相機設定，找到更適合的設定值。整個教室快門聲此起彼落，李老師也忙碌地穿梭在每組之間指導學員、給予建議。最後，館方也不忘提醒學員，為了明日的戶外拍攝，大家可以把握時間多多練習，準備好輔助工具，讓明天的戶外拍攝可以更有收穫。

第二天的課程為戶外拍攝和評析分享。來到擁有大片綠地的東海大學，李惠永老師帶領學員沿著文理大道尋蟲。夏日蟬聲作響、天氣炎熱，許多蟲類都躲起來了，所幸有一隻天牛相當捧場，停留在榕樹樹幹良久，老師示範在這種情境下該如何調整相機設定、打光、調整自己的姿勢等，大家團團圍著拍攝，輪流幫忙拿珍珠板和鋁箔紙打光，也有學員嘗試用老師自製的遮光布。老師示範後，學員三三兩兩地四散各處小試身手，運用前一天製作的打光板互相幫忙遮光、打光。拍攝後，每位學員挑選幾張得意之作讓老師來評析。老師相當用心地拿照片對比前一天所講述的內容，分析如何調整可以達至更好的效果。

經過兩天充實的課程，學員大多反映課程豐富且收穫良多。「盛夏蟲影：科學攝影初階工作坊」理論與實際練習並重的研習課程，著實讓學員們領略微距攝影的奧妙與精髓。

追逐盛夏、捕捉蟲影：科學攝影初階工作坊紀實

Reliving the Height of Summer, Capturing Insect Images: Record of Preliminary Workshop on Science Photography

江品君 Chiang, Pin-chun

1.李惠永老師（右）指導微距攝影的原理、技巧和實拍練習，學員用鋁箔紙改善閃光燈效果進行拍攝（楊翎攝）。

2.學員運用珍珠板、鋁箔紙和額外的光源，嘗試拍攝昆蟲標本（楊翎攝）。

3.在東海大學尋蟲出發前，大家齊舉相機留影（江品君攝）。

4.學員們互相幫忙，用珍珠板與鋁箔紙幫樹上的天牛打光，輪流練習拍攝（江品君攝）。

5.李老師評析每位學員的拍攝作品，並給予許多技巧上的建議。此為學員之銅翼皆木蜂訪花作品（林秋全攝）。

財團法人廣達文教基金會自2015年開始，支持國立自然科學博物館「驚豔•新視野：科學攝影」活動，獎勵青少年朋友用相機做科學觀察記錄。自2017年起，延續「科學攝影競賽」、「科學也可以很美麗」的精神，展開「見微知美—驚豔新視野」《游於藝》巡迴展覽。期望傳達「觀察力」之重要性，並且透過展覽鼓勵學生，能在日常生活當中實踐與延伸應用。

本次展覽內容以「自然觀察看見蘊藏之美」、「捕捉自然的奧祕」、「自然妙點子」三大主題為架構，透過「科學攝影競賽」的精彩攝影作品，與知名藝術家、建築師、科學發明等創作實例介紹，搭配情境展品、手持顯微鏡、標本觀察的實際操作學習物件，鼓勵學童觀察周遭的微觀世界、蘊藏於微小、隱匿之處的生物與其行為，以及各種大自然現象。並善用手邊的攝影器材、紀錄工具，捕捉最獨一無二的畫面，進而思考自然界帶給人類的啟發。由「見微」進而「知美」，「知自然」的構造之美、科學之義、生活中的創新應用，引導學童開啟科學與藝術的全新觀點。

「見微知美—驚豔新視野」巡迴展覽，主要與高雄《游於藝》同盟學校合作，計劃至高雄11所國高中小、屏東縣2所國中與臺南1所高中，總計14間學校展出，其中包含2所資源不便的偏鄉學校。預計每校展出3至4週，同時鼓勵學校老師，藉由展覽主題延伸設計課程，活化學期各學科的教學內容。此外，本計劃將培訓280位「導覽小尖兵」，為各校同學進行展示導覽。展出期間，相信不僅會帶動學校整體學習氣氛，串聯整合校內相關活動，更可活絡周邊社區，擴大整體效益。

廣達文教基金會自2004年起，透過《游於藝》計畫與國內外博物館合作，將豐厚的文化內容藉由研究與轉化，策劃出具有主題架構、脈絡、且適合中小學學生的教育展覽。主要以複製畫作和學習物件的形式，在各縣市學校間巡迴展出，將藝術教育資源帶入校園，讓學校本身成為博物館。至2016年止，《游於藝》計畫已在全臺22縣市舉辦過1,814次巡迴展示，吸引3,130,729人次參觀，成果和迴響皆相當豐碩。期許未來繼續深耕教育現場，秉持「用藝術啟發創意」之理想，為推廣多元文化和多樣視野做出貢獻。

見微知美—驚豔新視野：

廣達文教基金會《游於藝》校園推廣計畫

"A Visionary Perspective: Beauty in the Micro" Quanta Culture and Education Foundation "Immersed in Creativity" Program

楊潔如 Yang, Chieh-ju

大自然到處都是故事。作品除了攝影原本該有的構圖、光影與時機，也該透過影像說些明確的科學故事。要是單張照片就能表達出意境或動態，有如美、理兼具的吟唱詩歌，那就是佳作了。

There are stories everywhere in nature. These works are not only images of composition, lighting and opportunity, but also clear explanations of science. A single photograph can express a concept or movement. It is a song or a poem that is both beautiful and logical. That is a work of excellence.

~陳文屏　Chen, Wen-ping

來自星星的

Stars and Planets

南方的十字架
Southern Cross

李睿

在南半球觀看銀河，不僅比北半球所見的明亮許多，色彩也更加豐富。夜空下的紐西蘭南島蒂卡波湖，是南半球的觀星聖地，也是世界上第一個暗夜星空保護區。當地特製的照明路燈，是為了避免光污染影響觀測星空。拍攝照片的同時，天空中人造衛星和流星運行的軌跡，恰好瞬間形成十字造型，與地面教堂屋頂的十字架遙相呼應。畫面右側清晰可見大小麥哲倫星雲。

From the Southern Hemisphere, the Milky Way appears brighter and richer in color than from the Northern Hemisphere. Lake Tekapo, on New Zealand's South Island, is a sacred site for stargazers and the world's first dark sky reserve. Specially produced streetlamps prevent light pollution from interfering with observations of the night skies. In this image, a manmade satellite in orbit and meteor form a cross-like shape, echoing the cross on the local church. On the right side, the Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud can be clearly seen.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年4月29日攝於紐西蘭南島著名的觀星聖地──蒂卡波湖畔，在晴朗無月的夜晚拍攝清晰的銀河，好牧人教堂是絕佳的前景。使用Nikon D800相機和14-24毫米，f/2.8鏡頭，後製調整色溫和清晰度。

On April 29, 2016, this image was photographed along the banks of Lake Tekapo, a famed stargazing location on New Zealand's South Island. The Milky Way was highly distinct on this clear and moonless night. The Church of the Good Shepherd is an excellent location for photographing the Milky Way. Equipment included Nikon D800 with 14-24mm, f/2.8 lens. Post editing included adjustment of color temperature and definition.

第三屆 佳作

灕江第一灣銀河拱橋

Milky Way Arc Above Lijiang First Bend

張濱

在城市燈光的包圍中，仰望銀河的璀璨繁星，逐漸成為都市人的奢求。灕江流域的桂林山水不僅有世界上最獨特而優美的喀斯特峰林景觀，也有著獨特別緻的夜空。當銀河狀如拱橋在「灕江第一灣」的上空慢慢升起，美景輝映襯著銀河，共同營造出了優美壯麗且難得的人間景色。

As the cities are enveloped in artificial lighting, gazing at the array of stars in the Milky Way has become a leisure pursuit. Guilin in the Lijiang Basin is not only famous for its karst peak landscapes, but also for its picturesque night views. As the band of the Milky Way, in the shape of an arc, slowly rises over Lijiang First Bend, the beautiful landscapes are illuminated, creating a majestic scene that is difficult to see anywhere else in the world.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年5月11日凌晨攝於桂林陽朔大面山。使用Sony A7+Zeiss batis 252，25毫米，f/2，ISO 6400，1/30s，豎拍2排共計28張接片。後製軟體：Lightroom、Photoshop。

This image was photographed on Damian Mountain in Yangshuo, near Guilin, in the early morning of May 11, 2016. Equipment included Sony A7 + Zeiss batis 252, 25mm, f/2, ISO 6400, 1/30s. Two columns were taken for a total of 28 images that were spliced together. Post editing software: Lightroom, Photoshop.

第三屆 佳作

月上梢頭

Moon Above the Branches

李睿

朔的前後幾天，月球的暗部被地球反射的太陽光線隱隱照亮，形成「新月抱舊月」的天文現象，又名「灰光」。灰光是一種常見的天文現象，但前景的選擇尤為重要。清華大學天文臺始建於1931年，原名氣象臺，為中國大陸重點文物的保護單位。將天文臺和「灰光」這種天文現象拍攝在一起，顯得更有意義。

The first few days after a new moon, the dark part of the moon is faintly illuminated by sunlight reflected from the earth to create the astronomical phenomenon known as "old moon in the new moon's arms". It is also referred to as "ashen light". Ashen light is a common astronomical phenomenon. The Tsinghua University observatory was constructed in 1931 and is an important cultural artifact preservation unit in China. Photographing this observatory together with ashen light makes this image more meaningful.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年3月攝於北京清華大學天文臺。使用Nikon D800和Nikon70-300VR，將前景和月球拍攝在一起。後期提亮暗部並壓暗月球亮部，調整透視變形。

In March of 2016, images were taken at the observatory of Tsinghua University of Beijing, an important cultural artifact preservation unit in China. Nikon D800 and Nikon 70-300VR were used to photograph the observatory together with the moon. Later, the dark areas were made brighter and the light areas of the moon were compressed with adjustment for perspective distortion.

第三屆 佳作

2015.04.04月全食

2015.04.04 Total Lunar Eclipse

蔡岳霖

2015年4月4日月全食過程，18:15初虧，19:54食既，20:00食甚，20:06生光，21:45復圓，臺灣全程可見。月全食發生的時機正逢滿月，月球進入地球的本影區，而使亮面被遮掩造成虧食。在全食階段，因太陽光透過地球大氣層的折射與散射，可見進入地球本影區的月亮呈現暗紅色。整個過程十分精彩，以肉眼即可窺見天地之奧秘，為容易觀察的天象之一。本作品分別以廣角鏡頭和長鏡頭記錄月全食的連續變化，以及月球通過地球的本影。

A total lunar eclipse occurred on April 4, 2015. First contact was at 6:15 pm; second contact at 7:54 pm; third contact at 8:00 pm; greatest eclipse at 8:06 pm and fourth contact at 9:45 pm. This lunar eclipse could be viewed all around Taiwan. A total lunar eclipse only occurs when a full moon enters the earth's umbra (shadow). During the total eclipse phase, due to the refraction and scattering of the sunlight through the earth's atmosphere, the moon appears red. The entire process is spectacular. It is one of the astronomical phenomena that is relatively easy to see with the naked eye. These images of the successive changes during a total lunar eclipse were obtained with wide-angle and long focus lenses.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年4月4日攝於基隆市深澳。以腳架穩固鏡頭拍攝。

圖1-2.用Canon EOS 650D + Canon EF，300毫米，f/4.0 LIS USM，5分鐘拍攝1張，得到月全食的連續變化，取間隔30分鐘的照片做影像合成。由右上角開始（由於接近地平面而呈現橘黃色）逆時針繞做連續性的盈虧變化，下為暗紅色全食，上為復圓後。若順著各張食的弧度將黑影處相疊，可見地球本影，月亮由西邊（右）進入地球本影區的連續變化（上方為天球北）。

These images were taken with tripod-mounted cameras at Shenao in Keelung on April 4, 2015.

Images 1-2: Canon EOS 650D + Canon EF, 300mm, f/4.0 LIS USM were used. One image was taken every five minutes to record the total lunar eclipse. Photographs taken at 30-minute intervals were used to compose the images. In the upper right corner, the moon appears orange due to the proximity to the horizon. Images are connected in a counterclockwise direction. At the bottom is the red lunar eclipse and at the top is the moon following the last contact. Where the areas of black shadow overlap, the earth's umbra can be seen. The successive changes of the eclipse are shown as the moon moves from west (right) into the earth's umbra (at the top is the northern part of the celestial sphere).

1

2

3

圖3.用Canon EOS 7D + Canon EF-S10，22毫米，f/3.5-4.5 USM拍攝；拍攝焦段為固定16毫米（等效焦長約26毫米），由事先取得月全食全程方位角（95.6°~128.3°）與高度角（0~44.4°）移動的視角範圍，換算成鏡頭對應焦段得知，以求最大月亮又不超出取景範圍。拍攝時間由傍晚到黑夜（18:20~21:55pm），由於天色亮度一直變暗，光圈、快門、感光一直調整並無固定，快門不宜超過20秒，以免造成月亮影像拖曳，曝光原以月亮亮面為準，不致過亮；全食前後以暗面曝光為主，以顯現出暗紅色。由於月亮視直徑約半度，約4分鐘移動1度，取5分鐘拍攝1張不至於重疊也便於計時，共拍攝44張。影像製作：以Canon DPP影像處理軟體些微調整各張的亮度，再以合成工具疊圖，背景為黑色時以較亮方式疊加，再以平均方式疊加幾張剛到傍晚的暮色，以致天空不為全暗，得到帶景月全食連續變化的畫面，地景為基隆山與九份。

Image 3: Canon EOS 7D + Canon EF-S10, 22mm, f/3.5-4.5 USM were used. Focus was fixed at 16mm (equivalent to focal length of 26mm). Azimuth (95.6˚~128.3˚) and zenith angles (0~44.4˚) of the shifting field of view were obtained for the entire course of the total lunar eclipse. Then, corresponding focuses were calculated for the largest possible coverage. Images were obtained from 6:20 pm~9:55 pm. As the sky grew darker, aperture, shutter speed and ISO value were adjusted. Shutter speed was less than 20 seconds to avoid dragging the image and overexposure. Before and after the eclipse, priority was on exposure of the dark face, which appeared dark red. As the angular diameter of the moon shifted half a degree, there was movement of about one degree every four minutes. Thus, an interval of one image every five minutes avoided overlapping. A total of 44 images were obtained. Post-processing: Canon DPP image processing software was used to adjust the lighting. On black background, the images were stacked based on relative brightness. Using the averaging method, images taken at dusk were added so that the sky did not appear totally dark and the background scenery of Keelung Mountain and Jiufen could be seen.

地質與礦物

Geology and Minerals

第一屆 三緯企業獎

靜默之石

Silence of the Stone

謝阜璁 蕭賀韶

中新世晚期至上新世早期，海岸山脈成為臺灣島一部分，帶來最後一期的火山事件；大量安山岩質火山灰及火山角礫噴發的碎屑流奔離，宛如土石流一次又一次快速堆疊，形成石梯坪層理分明的凝灰岩，其中火山角礫與圍岩的抗侵蝕差異也產生大小不一的壺穴。如今火山不再噴發，凝灰岩亦安靜等待日月星辰的昇落；只是造就它的板塊依然動盪，海浪侵蝕也持續進襲。我們乘著晚風從浩瀚銀河直至日出，陪伴石梯坪感受千百萬年來沉默的歲月。

Between the late Miocene and early Pliocene periods, the Coastal Mountain Range became part of Taiwan, with the final phase of volcanic eruptions. Large amounts of andesitic ash and volcanic breccia created mudslide-like flows that formed distinct tuff beds in Shitiping. The volcanic breccia and surrounding rock eroded to create potholes of various sizes. As volcanoes are no longer active, the tuffs sit in silence watching the world go by. Nevertheless, the tectonic plates that created them are still moving and ocean waves are continuously eroding them. We hitched a ride on the night air from the vastness of the Milky Way to the break of dawn, accompanying the Shitiping tuff terraces to experience the millions of years of silence.

第一屆

優 選

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年8月10日2~6時攝於花蓮縣豐濱鄉石梯坪。需要條件：遠方路燈令單面山反射微弱光線；腳架、電子快門線；太平洋高壓籠罩的夏天；不怕黑、不怕髒、敢夜衝以及一顆年輕的心。光圈先決模式，矩陣測光、拍攝過曝2格、0格、不足1格共三張照片，後以HDR合成並調整對比。

Taken at Shitiping in Fengbin Township, Hualien County during the period 2:00-6:00 am on August 10, 2013. Lights in the distance created a weak reflection. Requirements: Tripod, digital cable release, enveloped pressure of the Pacific Ocean in the summertime, a spirit of steel, willingness to wander around in the dead of night and a youthful spirit. First, the aperture setting was adjusted, followed by matrix photometry, overexposure of 2 frames, 0 frame, less than 1 frame for a total of three images. Then, HDR was used to combine the images and adjust the contrast.

第三屆 佳作

億萬年的仰望

Looking Upon Billions of Years

王征

庫車大峽谷位於新疆天山南麓的庫車縣附近，南北走向，全長5公里，最寬處53公尺，最窄處僅0.4公尺，只容1人躬身通過。億萬年的地質作用和風雨侵蝕，造就了庫車大峽谷獨特的地貌景觀。紅褐色的岩石在正午光線的照射下，顯露出獨特的魅力和神秘的氛圍。在峰迴路轉的深處，人類在自然面前顯得無比渺小，那整齊的刀刻痕跡，是大自然留下的永恆力量。

Kuqa Gorge is located near the southern foothills of Tianshan in Kuqa County, Xinjiang. It runs north to south for 5 kilometers, and has a maximum width of 53 meters. At its narrowest point it is only 0.4 meters. Billions of years of geological process and erosion by wind and rain have created the unique landscapes. The gorge is at its most beautiful when the sun shines on the reddish brown rocks at high noon. Along the winding paths in the deepest part of the gorge it is easy to feel insignificant in the face of Nature. The neat cuts are evidence of the everlasting power of Nature.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年10月8日中午攝於新疆庫車大峽谷。陽光灑進峽谷最深處，營造出變幻莫測的光影效果。使用Canon EOS 5D Mark III拍攝，後期提亮暗部、降噪，並調整色溫以還原現場色彩。

This image was taken in Xinjiang's Kuqu Gorge at noon on October 8, 2015. The sun's rays penetrated the deepest sections of the gorge, creating unpredictable changes in light and shadow. A Canon EOS 5D Mark III was used to capture this image. Post editing included increasing brightness in dark areas, reducing noise and adjusting the color temperature to match the actual colors of the gorge.

第三屆 佳作

鬼斧神工

Natural Craftsmanship

狄樂平

位於地底深處的岩層，漸漸地暴露到地表時，由於壓力減小，岩石產生了裂痕，因此岩石和空氣與水的接觸面積增加，會沿著岩石的節理進行風化作用。若水中或岩石內含有鐵的成分，在長期風化作用下，鐵質會氧化生成氧化鐵，顏色也轉為褐色或咖啡色。氧化作用越完全，風化紋的顏色也越深。加上受海水長期淘洗而剝落，地層擠壓出縱橫交錯的裂縫，便生成彷彿鬼斧神工般的奇岩異石。

When rock strata that were once deep underground are gradually exposed, the pressure decreases creating fissures. This increases the contact area of the rocks with air and water along the joints, leading to erosion. If the water or rocks contain iron, over a long period of weathering the iron oxidizes to become ferric oxide. This leads to a change in color to brown. The more complete the oxidation, the deeper are the colors of the patterns. Due to the long term effects of sea water, a network of fissures has formed along the surface creating an intricate work of natural craftsmanship.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2008至2016年間攝於臺灣北海岸。使用單眼相機和Photoshop軟體調整為黑白，利用黑白畫面間的反差，突顯岩石的形狀與紋路。臺灣北海岸位於亞熱帶，氣候溫和且潮濕，一年之中約有半年的時間，處在強烈東北季風吹拂及海浪的侵蝕下，風化作用因而進行得較為快速。

From 2008 to 2016, these images were taken along Taiwan's northern coast with a single lens reflex camera. Photoshop was used to adjust to black and white, with contrast to highlight the shapes and lines of the rocks. Taiwan's northern coast is in the subtropical climate zone with mild temperatures and high humidity. For about half the year, strong northeast monsoon winds blow and waves strike against the shore. Due to wind and wave erosion, such landscapes form relatively quickly.

第一屆 評審團特別獎

新生

Rebirth

鍾鎮鴻 徐嘉佑

新生這個名字和此實驗的目的有很大的關聯。實驗主要是研究鈾的反應性，並且希望能從鈾的高溫、高壓水熱合成反應中，尋找適合用在核廢料的處理反應，讓其中的鈾能形成比較穩定的化合物，降低核廢料危險性，也方便後續處理，對環境的傷害也會降低。照片中的產物彷彿與這個目的相互呼應，原本的鈾反應物卻得到如同新芽一般的晶體產物，就好像重獲新生一樣，這就是這個作品中，我想要表達的意念。

The title “Rebirth” is related to the purpose of this experiment. By looking at the reactivity of uranium, especially its high-temperature and high-pressure hydrothermal synthesis, we hoped to find a more stable uranium compound. This would in turn be used to better manage nuclear waste, lowering the danger of nuclear waste and decreasing its harmful effect on the environment. The product in this image seems to correspond to this purpose. The original reactant of uranium has spawned a crystal-like product just like reincarnation. This is what I want to express in this work.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年8月13日攝於中央大學化學系科二館522高溫高壓水熱合成實驗室。用Olympus camedia c-5060 wide zoom數位相機搭配顯微鏡所拍攝而成。當時是為了記錄產物才拍照，卻意外得到不錯的相片；影像後製的部分，使用修圖軟體調整了基本的對比與亮度，還做了局部顯色的處理，來凸顯主題的明確性。

Taken at the 522 Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Hydrothermal Syntheses in the 2nd science building of the Department of Chemistry at National Central University on August 13, 2013. Olympus Camedia c-5060 wide zoom digital camera and macro lens were the basic equipment. The original intention was to record the product, but the resulting image was surprisingly good. Image retouching for basic contrast and light intensity was done using photo editing software. Some of the color was also enhanced to emphasize the theme.

第一屆

評審團

特別獎

物理與化學

Physics and Chemistry

第三屆 紀慧能獎

水珠

Water Pearls

羅淑滿

先鋪上黑色玻璃，在瘦果的棉絲上用針筒注射水滴，印證水的內聚力和張力極限。再用噴霧器噴灑，使水氣附著在棉絲上，水珠可持續變大。此時水的折射及反射背景顏色，既像水晶球又像外太空的美麗星球。只要不去碰它，可持續30分鐘不破掉！水的力量真是無法想像！

On top of black glass, water droplets were added to hair-like structures of achenes with a syringe, testing the limits of cohesion and tension. Then, a sprayer was used to attach mist droplets to the hair-like structures, with some of these "water pearls" growing in size. Refraction and reflection created the background colors. The water droplets appear like crystal balls or beautiful orbs. As long as they were not disturbed, they could stay in place for 30 minutes. The strength of water is amazing!

第三屆

優 選

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年8月13日拍攝。焦距65毫米（1:2.8），1-5x，快門1/200s，感光數值ISO 400。使用器材：環型閃光燈、腳架、快門線、黑玻璃。

These images were photographed on August 13, 2015. Focal distance: 65mm (1:2.8), 1-5x. Shutter speed: 1/200s. ISO 400. Equipment used: Ring flash, tripod, shutter release, black glass.

第三屆 佳作

水內聚力與螞蟻

Water Cohesion and the Ant

鄭焜龍

螞蟻是好奇的昆蟲，聞到什麼都會靠近觸碰看看！水的內聚力佳，在螞蟻的觸碰下也不會破裂。此為內聚力影像實驗紀錄，加上拍攝時燈光的適度照射，使水滴不只晶瑩剔透，更反射背景的紅花，讓畫面更加立體！

Ants are curious insects, daring to come in contact with whatever they sense. Water is highly cohesive. When the ant comes in contact with the water droplet it does not break. These images are experimental observations of cohesion. With the appropriate amount of illumination, the water droplet sparkles and appears translucent, as well as reflects the red flower in the background, creating a 3-D effect.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年8月15日拍攝。使用65毫米（1:5）定焦微距鏡、腳架、環型閃光燈。

These images were photographed on August 15, 2015 using 65mm (1:5) fixed focus macro lens, tripod and ring flash.

第三屆 佳作

潑水成冰

Splashing Water Over Ice

王秀峰

2016年農曆臘月初8，民俗中一年最冷的一天，本人用瓶子盛滿開水，在開闊的黑龍江冰面上，將水灑向天空。

The eighth day of the last month on the lunar calendar should be the coldest day of the year according to folk customs. On that day in 2016, I filled a bottle with water and splashed it over the vast icy surface of Heilongjiang.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年1月17日攝於同江市橫江口，北緯47°、東經135°。使用Sony300電子單反相機，1200毫米變焦鏡頭。

This image was photographed on January 17, 2016 at the river mouth in Tongjiang City, China, at north latitude 47° and east longitude 135°. Sony 300 digital single lens reflex camera with 1200mm zoom lens was used.

冰解

Melting Ice Experiment

王釩

冰在水中溶解，這是再普通不過的事，溶解時是甚麼模樣呢？本作品將有色冰塊放入水中，記錄溶解之瞬間。融化的冰塊因冷熱對流作用快速的向四周擴散，模樣就像艷麗的火焰，冰冷與炙熱竟然那麼相似，一言以蔽之，這就是物理現象。我們周遭事物只要細細觀察，都能夠發現其中奧秘。

Have you ever wondered what something as simple as ice melting in water looks like? This work captured the effect of a colored ice cube melting in water. Through convective heat transfer, melting ice rapidly expands and spreads similar to the effects of a burning hot flame. It’s astonishing to see the similarity between hot and cold. To sum up, it is truly an amazing phenomenon of physics. By carefully observing one's environment, one can unravel the mystery within.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2014年11月攝於自宅。使用Canon 6D加100毫米 f/2.8 L Marco、燈箱、玻璃缸、市售醫療用紅汞液。f/6.3、1/400、ISO 12800、焦距100毫米、白平衡自動、曝光補償0。影像取得：將紅汞液（紅汞2%蒸餾水98%）製成冰後，以鑷子夾入水中取得影像。後製：去除雜訊、水準校正、銳利度調整。

Taken at home in November 2014. Equipment and materials included Canon 6D with 100mm f/2.8 L Macro lens, light box, glass jar, and commercially available mercurochrome solution for medical use. Camera was set at f/6.3, 1/400, ISO 12800, focal length 100mm, automatic white balance and exposure compensation 0. Image production: Mercurochrome solution was frozen to form ice (2% Mercurochrome, 98% distilled water). Tweezers were used to place the ice in water and the results were captured in images. Post-processing: noise reduction, level correction and sharpness adjustment.

第一屆 佳作

10微秒的相遇

Ten Microsecond Encounter

溫英佐

當水滴落入液面後，於目標溶液中產生一個短暫的空腔，此空腔維持不了多久便被快速湧入的溶液所填滿，一旦超出極限時則向上釋放壓力而形成中央噴射柱，而溶液的表面張力與空腔大小會影響中央噴射柱之高度，這是人眼難以觀察的現象。本作品中的水柱皆是第一滴水滴所產生的中央噴射柱，當第二滴水滴以不同大小、間隔落下碰撞中央噴射柱，隨即產生抽象華麗的影像。這兒的碰撞時間不超過10微秒，但這非以高速攝影機拍攝，而是以相機單次曝光完成，更屬難得。

A cavity briefly appears when a water droplet hits the surface of a liquid. As the liquid quickly fills the cavity, it disappears. When the liquid overflows, it releases pressure upwards to produce what is known as a “Worthington jet”. Its height depends on the surface tension and the size of the cavity, something impossible for the eyes to capture. This work records the Worthington jet produced when the first droplet hits the surface of the liquid. When the second droplet hits, the Worthington jets appear in different sizes and at intervals, creating abstract and beautiful images. Collision time was less than 10 microseconds. I used a single exposure instead of a high-speed camera, which made it even harder to achieve these images.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年7月30日攝於室內，水滴碰撞速度極快，必須使用閃光燈來凝結畫面。需要先撰寫程式並燒錄至微控制器，並撰寫APP由平板電腦控制微控制器。微控制器可以控制電磁閥作動、相機快門以及閃光燈。一次拍攝流程為：使用者在平板APP下達參數，微控制器開關電磁閥讓第一滴滑落，指定時間再度開關電磁閥讓第二滴落下，指定時間後觸發快門與閃光燈，即完成拍攝。後製僅作裁切與銳化。拍攝所需設備：單眼相機、微距鏡頭、閃光燈兩盞、快門線、PC同步線數條、微控制器、平板電腦、OTG線、氣動電磁閥、多種電子零件及相關裝置配備。

Taken indoors on July 30, 2013. The collision of water droplets happened so fast that a flash was needed to capture the images. The first step involved writing a program and burning it to a micro controller unit, then using a tablet computer app to control the unit. The micro controller unit controlled the activation of solenoid valve, shutter and flash. Single photography process: App was used to transmit parameters and micro controller unit was used to open and shut the solenoid valve to enable the first drop of water to emerge. After setting the time, the valve opened once again to let out the second drop of water. Then, the timing was set for the shutter and flash to obtain the shots. Image post-processing was done for cropping and sharpening. Requirements: DSRL, macro lens, two flash units, cable release, PC cable lines, micro controller unit, OTG wire, pneumatic solenoid valve, assortment of electronic accessories and related equipment.

第三屆 佳作

多層皇冠

Multi-layered Crown

劉軍

凝固高速運動液體的攝影方法，一般可達2萬分之1秒。液體由甘油、牛奶、酒精和普通水製成，並在液體中加入食用色素增色。由電磁閥控制的滴管，把液體滴落在一塊放有少量酒精的黑色壓克力板上，由於滴落的液體與酒精表面張力相差很大，落下的液體與壓克力板發生一系列碰撞後，產生了像多層皇冠一樣的奇妙景象。碰撞過程非常短暫，產生的各種奇妙瞬間，一般無法用肉眼觀察，是名符其實的轉眼即逝，彷彿進入如夢如幻的童話世界。

Liquid high-speed photography methods were used. With these methods, shutter speed can reach 1/20,000 seconds. Liquids included glycerin, milk, alcohol and water, with added food coloring. A pipette with solenoid valve allowed for the controlled release of liquid drops onto a black acrylic board to which a small amount of alcohol was applied. Due to the large differences in surface tension between the liquid and the alcohol, the liquid hitting the acrylic board resulted in a series of impact reactions, producing this intriguing image of a multi-layered crown. This process is so quick that it cannot be observed with the naked eye. Through this image we are transported into a fairytale world.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年7月攝於河北省張家口市第六中學化學實驗室。使用Nikon D300S數位相機+Nikon 105F2.8G微距鏡頭+4 臺Yongnuo 560閃光燈。用Photoshop軟體調整對比度、亮度，除去濺在背景布上的水點。

This image was obtained in the chemistry laboratory of No. 6 Middle School in Zhangjiakou City of China's Hebei Province in July 2015. Equipment included Nikon D300S digital camera + Nikon 105F 2.8G macro lens + four Yongnuo 560 photoflash units. Photoshop was used to adjust the contrast and brightness and to remove the spots on the background cloth due to splashing.

第三屆 佳作

液體圓舞曲

Liquid Waltz

劉軍

液體高速攝影，是利用閃光燈的最小輸出，在黑暗環境下凝固高速運動液體的一種攝影方法。快門可以達到2萬分之1秒。利用不同液體間的表面張力，以噴射、反彈、風吹等方法，表現不同表面張力的液滴，捕捉在碰撞時產生千姿百態的瞬間。液體由甘油、普通水、增稠劑製成，在液體加入食用色素增色。本圖反映液體碰撞的短暫過程，一般無法用肉眼觀察。

In liquid high-speed photography, the flash is set to the lowest output. Liquids are photographed in a dark environment with shutter speed reaching 1/20,000 second. These images are the result of differences in surface tension, as well as spray jet, repulsion and blowing of air. Mid-air collisions caused different effects. These images were produced with glycerin and water, as well as thickening agents and food coloring. The very short impact process shown here cannot be observed with the naked eye.

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技術說明 Technical Introduction

攝於河北省張家口市第六中學化學實驗室。使用Nikon D300S數位相機+Nikon 105F 2.8G微距鏡頭+4臺Yongnuo 560閃光燈。用Photoshop軟體調整對比度和亮度，除去濺在背景布上的水點。

This set of images was obtained in the chemistry laboratory of No. 6 Middle School in Zhangjiakou City of China's Hebei Province. Equipment included Nikon D300S digital camera + Nikon 105F 2.8G macro lens + four Yongnuo 560 photoflash units. Photoshop was used to adjust the contrast and brightness and to remove the spots on the background cloth due to splashing.

圖1. 2015年12月9日攝。噴射出的水柱，與上方電磁閥控制滴管落下的液體，在空中碰撞的同時，兩個由電磁閥控制的吹管，分別從左右吹出壓縮空氣，使噴射出的水柱分別向內彎曲，從而得到液體在跳舞般的瞬間影像。

圖2. 2014年1月28日攝。多滴水滴的碰撞作品。上方滴管滴落的液體，落到下方自來水容器中，由於上下兩種液體的表面張力相差較大，落下的液體反彈後形成了水柱，與第1滴液體碰撞後，繼續與後面滴落的液體發生碰撞。

圖3. 2013年6月10日攝。液體落到盛水容器內，反彈形成的水柱，與後面落下的液滴在空中碰撞。由於第2滴與第1滴液體的表面張力相差較大，且第2滴液體體積相對較大，在下落的過程中夾帶著空氣，所以在空中發生碰撞時，形成大水泡的奇妙景象。

Image 1: Taken on December 9, 2015. A jet sprayer emitted a column of water, which impacted with liquid droplet, released from a solenoid valve controlled pipette. At the same time, compressed air from solenoid valve controlled pipes was released from the right and left, respectively. This caused the water columns to curve inward, creating what appears to be a liquid waltz.

Image 2: Taken on January 28, 2014. This image reveals the impacts of several water droplets. Liquid droplets were released from above using a pipette and landed in a container filled with tap water. Due to large differences in surface tension between the two types of liquids, the falling droplets bounced off of the water to form a column. The water column impacted by the first droplet continued to be affected by subsequent liquid droplets.

Image 3: Taken on June 10, 2013. As a liquid droplet landed in a container filled with water, it bounced back to form a column and collided with another liquid droplet. Due to large differences in surface tension between the first and second droplets, and larger volume of the second droplet, some air was introduced. This created this wondrous image of a large bubble.

第三屆 佳作

短暫之美

Transient Beauty

謝振岡

時常在路上，看著面帶笑容的孩子，手上拿著泡泡水，吹出一顆顆的泡泡，泡泡隨著光線折射，讓我看見了短暫而美麗的色澤，我們稱之為「薄膜干涉」。一束光照射於薄膜上，由於折射率不同，光波會被薄膜的上介面與下介面分別反射，且相互干涉而形成新的光波。然而，泡泡水中的油跟水，會因為重力及微氣流的影響，而在薄膜上產生不同的變化，所以細看之下，每次呈現的色澤與紋路都是截然不同。

We can often see children standing outside with smiles on their faces, as they hold a bottle of bubble solution in their hands, blowing bubble after bubble. Due to light refraction, transient and beautiful colors are produced. We refer to this as "thin film interference". When light shines on a thin film, due to differences in the refractive index, light waves are separately reflected on the film's upper and lower surfaces. New light waves are produced from mutual interference. Due to gravity and micro air currents, the oil and water in the bubble solution cause thin film variations. If you look closely, you will see that different colors and patterns are produced!

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年9月25日攝於自家住宅。使用Canon M 數位相機、100毫米定焦微距鏡頭、三腳架、LED燈、市售泡泡水、臉盆、自製鐵絲框、布料。利用影像處理軟體後製，調整相機原始檔的明亮度、雜訊去除、裁切等。首先將鐵絲框包上一層布料，好讓泡泡水在框內附著。接著在臉盆內倒入泡泡水，深度足以讓鐵絲框沾到水即可。相機架至三腳架上後，將鏡頭手動對焦至最近的對焦距離（約30公分）。拍攝前先把鐵絲框浸到臉盆，再慢速將其調與相機成平行。透過相機的即時畫面，將鐵絲框前後微調，使得薄膜表面更為清楚。在移動中同時觀察、捕捉相機的即時畫面，不時將鐵絲框上下左右移動。由於薄膜並非平面，需調整LED燈照射角度，來捕捉較大面積影像。從開始到破裂，薄膜色澤在過程中變化相當快，用連拍來捕捉較美之畫面。此作品是從120張挑選出來的。

These images were taken at my home on September 25, 2016 with Canon M digital camera, 100 mm fixed focus macro lens, tripod, LED light, purchased bubble solution, washbasin, homemade wire frame and cloth. Post editing software was used to adjust brightness, eliminate noise and carry out cropping. Cloth was wrapped around the wire frame to allow the bubble solution to adhere to the frame. Then, bubble solution was added to the washbasin to a depth that allowed the wire frame to be completely moistened. The camera was placed on a tripod and manually adjusted to the shortest focal distance (around 30 cm). The wire frame was made parallel to the camera. Based on real-time screen image, the wire frame was positioned manually to allow for clear view of the film surface. From time to time, it was necessary to move the wire frame up or down or left or right. When the film was not flat, LED lighting was used to capture images over a larger surface area. There was fast breakdown of the film. Thus, photos were taken in rapid succession. These images were chosen from among 120 images.

第三屆 佳作

凝玉浮霜

Colorful Frost

李鍾旻

美味的皮蛋是常見的傳統美食。市面上的皮蛋通常以鮮鴨蛋為原料，當中的蛋白質在製作過程中與鹼性物質產生反應，轉化為深色具彈性的膠體。有些皮蛋的表面會因胺基酸鹽沉積，形成俗稱「松花」的白色結晶。蛋白質中含硫的胺基酸成分所產生的硫化氫及硫化氨，造就皮蛋獨特風味。在燈光的照射下，蛋白和松花因光線折射而呈現特殊的藍紫、金黃色調，宛如晶瑩剔透的玉石表面結了一層冰霜。

Preserved eggs are a common traditional food in Taiwan. They are usually made from fresh duck eggs. During the production process, the protein reacts with base to create a dark-colored gelatin. Due to the deposition of amino acid salts on the surface, there are sometimes white crystals. From sulfur-containing amino acids in the protein, hydrogen sulfide and ammonium sulfide are produced, which create a unique flavor. Egg white and crystals refract the light to create what appears to be a sparkling layer of frost in blue, purple and golden yellow.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年9月攝於自宅。使用Pentax K-5 II，SMC Pentax-FA 100毫米，f/2.8 微距鏡頭。後製調整對比度與亮度，並修除部分雜點。取一顆皮蛋，將蛋殼及蛋黃去除，再使用鑷子夾取皮蛋，以水族用LED夾燈從被攝物斜後方打光。

These images were obtained in my home in September 2016, using Pentax K-5 II, SMC Pentax-FA 100mm, f/2.8 Macro. There was subsequent adjustment of contrast and brightness, as well as editing and noise removal. The shell and yolk were separated from a preserved egg. Then, a pair of tweezers was used to clamp the remaining part of the egg. An LED lamp for aquarium use lit the subject from behind.

第三屆 佳作

迪士尼回憶

Disney’s Memory

陳怡秀 林政宇 陳怡孜 楊宏達

魔法大門，開啟虛實交錯的甬道，一對俏皮的圓耳，突然蹦出。白手套拉開慶典的序幕，跳舞的咖啡杯輕碰，有你。成群的泡泡輕觸，有你。旋轉木馬交織騎士的夢，摩天輪裡的容顏，有你。雲霄飛車上有我的青春飛逝。零食、服飾、文具、街角，都有你。以歡笑為土，悄然埋下種子，等待、發芽。啊！原來你在這列隊歡迎。

A magic door opens, revealing a pathway to a fantasy world. A pair of round ears suddenly appears and a pair of white gloved hands pulls back a curtain to a celebration. Coffee cups whirl. Clusters of bubbles lightly collide. A carousel is interwoven with a dream of knights on horseback. There are also the faces on a Ferris wheel and roller coasters that bring to mind fleeting youth. There are snacks, costumes, stationery, and street corners. Laugher is the soil and sadness buries the seeds. There is waiting. Then, germination. Oh! You are in this line to be welcomed.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年7月攝於國立中興大學。使用貴重儀器中心的場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡，在電壓1.5千伏下，進行作品表面微結構的拍攝，並用2萬的放大倍率觀察。此研究將二氧化矽膠體和單體懸浮液塗布於高分子基材，以旋轉塗布技術製備雙層非緊密堆積的膠體晶體，再利用紫外光聚合單體，將所得的雙層膠體晶體/高分子複合材料進行乾式蝕刻。以二氧化矽粒子為蝕刻光罩，避免其下層高分子部分遭到蝕刻。爾後，以氫氟酸移除二氧化矽粒子，形成雙層高分子的凹槽結構陣列；淺色圓形的凹槽結構陣列，為支撐上層二氧化矽粒子之高分子；深色圓形的凹槽結構陣列，則為移除下層二氧化矽粒子後，所留下的高分子凹槽，俯視其影像宛如「米老鼠」的形狀陣列。利用繪圖軟體，將米老鼠的頭像後製上色，並利用圖層增加背景色彩，呈現童話般夢幻的場景，最後再調整色彩飽和度、清晰度，以凸顯作品的主題。

In July 2016, this image was obtained at the Instrument Center of National Chung Hsing University on a field emission scanning electron microscope, at potential of 1.5KV and magnification of 20,000. In this study, colloidal silica and monomer suspension were applied to a polymer base material. Spin coating technique was used to form double-layer, non-close stack colloidal crystals. Then, ultraviolet rays were used for polymerization of monomers to obtain double-layered colloidal crystals/polymer composite material for dry etching. Silica particles served as photomask to prevent etching of part of the polymer. Subsequently, hydrofluoric acid was used to remove the silica particles, forming the array of double-layered polymer groove structures. The light-colored round groove structural array supported the upper layer of silica particle polymer. The dark-colored round groove structural array was formed after removal of the lower layer of silica particles. The remaining polymer grooves resembled an array of Mickey Mouse shapes.

Drafting software was used to add color, and image layering was applied for background color to create this childhood fantasy scene. Finally, color saturation and clarity were adjusted.

第一屆 佳作

由小而大的螺旋分子

Extension-coil Molecules from Small to Large

陳惠玉 謝宜君

本作品透過偏光顯微鏡觀察有機材料隨溫度變化的相變過程。在高溫時，會有彈珠般的小亮點在黑暗中浮現，黑色的區域為液態，彈珠般的小亮點為液晶相態。由於液晶具有雙折射的光學效應，使得入射光的電場方向及傳播速度發生改變，形成炫麗的光學效果，而每一亮點內的不規則暗紋顯示出液晶分子彼此間的排列不同。持續地下降有機材料的溫度，有少部分添加在液晶材料中的螺旋分子開始產生再結晶，由小亮點向外延伸形成一絲絲的光芒針葉。

In this work, a polarizing microscope was used to look at the changes in organic material at varying temperatures. At high temperature, marble-like light specks float in the darkness. The black region represents the liquid state while the light specks represent the liquid crystal phase. As the liquid crystal phase possesses the optical effect of double refraction, it changes the electric field direction of the incoming light and the speed of distribution, creating a dazzling optical effect. The non-formative dark fringes within the specks reveal the juxtaposition of liquid crystal molecules. As the temperature of the organic material continues to drop, a small number of coiled molecules within the liquid crystal material start to recrystallize, transforming from bright specks into shiny rays that resemble needle-like leaves.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

同一個有機材料在不同溫度下，透過正交偏光顯微鏡放大100倍後進行觀察，並用單眼數位相機（Olympus E-620）拍攝影像。有機材料中有添加具光學活性的螺旋性分子，將兩者均勻混合後，利用毛細現象灌入兩片玻璃之間（上下玻璃的間距為10微米），透過顯微鏡上的控溫平臺進行控溫。將材料升溫到液態後，再緩慢地降溫，拍攝不同溫度時。材料的光學特性會與材料所處的相態有關，所以可以透過光學特性觀察材料的相變過程。三張圖都經過亮度（-30）及對比（+50）的微調。2010年12月3日攝於逢甲大學光電學系液晶實驗室。

The same organic material under various temperatures was recorded with a DSLR (Olympus E-620) at 100 x magnification under polarizing optical microscope. Optically active coiled molecules were added to the material and homogenously mixed. Using capillary action, the mixture was placed between two glass pieces (10μm apart). The temperature was then adjusted using the temperature-controlled system on the microscope. The material was first heated to a liquid state and the temperature was gradually reduced; allowing for recording of the optical characteristics of the material at different temperatures. The material’s optical characteristics were related to the state of the material, so that the interchange of the material could be observed through the change in its optical property. Three photographs underwent adjustment for light intensity (-30) and contrast (+50). The images were taken in the Liquid Crystal Materials Research Lab of the Department of Photonics, Feng Chia University on December 3, 2010.

第三屆 佳作

舞動的精靈

Dancing Fairies

王珮倫 林建宏 李珮姍

以化學沉澱法，合成出特殊形貌的氫氧化銅結構。經由色彩分布的想像，宛如從天而降的精靈們在舞蹈，夜晚和紫色系的花叢，為它們添上神秘的色彩。

Chemical precipitation methods were used to synthesize unique copper hydroxide structures. Through imagination and color distribution, they appear like dancing fairies that have come down from the skies. The night background and purple shrubbery were produced by adding color.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年5月5日攝於國立臺南大學格致樓。使用掃描式電子顯微鏡（SEM Hitachi S-3000N），燈絲為鎢絲，加速電壓20千伏。此為改變合成條件所製備出的氫氧化銅結構：將氫氧化銅粉末分散在水溶液中，滴於乾淨玻片上烘乾取樣。最後用碳膠帶，將玻片固定在銅製原板載臺，並鍍上些許金顆粒增加其導電性。用Photoshop軟體進行上色。

This image was obtained on the National University of Tainan campus on May 5, 2016 using a scanning electron microscope (SEM Hitachi S-3000N). Tungsten filaments, accelerating voltage 20 KV. This changed the synthesis conditions of the copper hydroxide structures. Sample droplets containing copper hydroxide powder not dispersed in aqueous solution were dried on clean slide. Then, carbon conductive tape was used to fix the slide on copper uncoated stage. Plating was carried out with a small number of gold particles to increase conductivity. Photoshop was used for coloration.

第三屆 佳作

空間錯覺

Spatial Illusion

陳裕隆

生活當中有許多讓人的眼睛產生錯覺的事物，空間錯覺經常可見。拍攝現場布置兩面鏡子，中間擺上一些物品，兩面鏡子互相反射，造成空間的錯覺，仔細抓好角度，就可以拍攝出深邃曲線隧道的錯覺。需留意自己和鏡頭不要入鏡。

There are many optical illusions in daily life, with spatial illusions common among them. There are two mirrors. Between them are various objects. This spatial illusion is caused by the reciprocal reflections of the two mirrors. By carefully selecting the angle, while keeping myself and the camera away from the mirrors, a curved tunnel appears.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年9月攝於亞洲大學。使用Sony A7RII 25毫米鏡頭，手持拍攝。

This image was taken at Asia University in September 2016, using hand-held Sony A7RII with 25mm lens.

水下與海洋

Underwater and Marine Life

第三屆 佳作

海花

Sea Flowers

張智翔

海中的花，其實是珊瑚蟲。圖1是花環肉質軟珊瑚群體上的珊瑚蟲，伸出長長的柱部，期望能捕捉到更多的食物。圖2是表孔珊瑚群體上的珊瑚蟲，綠色的共肉部分配上紅色的珊瑚蟲觸手，像極了開在草原上的紅花。圖3是擬珊瑚海葵個體上的突起，圓盤上的突起能改變水流的速度與方向，讓食物更容易被攔截。當食物顆粒碰到突起時，擬珊瑚海葵會立刻把口盤捲起來，然後分泌黏液把食物黏住，慢慢往口部運送。

These sea flowers are actually coral polyps. Image 1: The soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum extends long polyps to capture food. Image 2: Polyps of the coral Montipora: the red polyp tentacles extend against the green coenochyme, appearing like red flowers in a meadow. Image 3: Bumps on oral disk of the coral-like anemone (Order Corallimorpharia): The bumpy surface causes variations in water flow speed and direction, making it easier to intercept food. When food particles come in contact with the surface, the anemone curls up, and secretes mucus to trap food, which it slowly conveys towards its mouth.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年8月4日於自家拍攝。使用Olympus TG-4、影魔奇燈具。以影魔奇燈具打下藍光、黃光、紫外光的混和光源，並調整其比率，使珊瑚顯色。拍攝完成後，利用Lightroom稍微增加一下對比與清晰度。

These images were taken at home on August 4, 2016 using Olympus TG-4 and Illumagic LED lighting. Illumagic LED lighting was employed to cast a mixed light source of blue, yellow and ultraviolet light. The ratio of light sources was fine-tuned to present the colors of the coral. Contrast and definition were adjusted with Lightroom.

第三屆 佳作

勾勾纏的離別鈎

Intertangled Hooks

李坤瑄

筐蛇尾屬於棘皮動物門蛇尾綱蜍蛇尾目的筐蛇尾科。牠們的腕足不同於一般的蛇尾類，具有極為複雜的樹枝狀分枝。在水中擺動時猶如蛇髮女妖的頭髮般，難以看清其體盤。在海中若嘗試用手將腕足撥開，末端分枝就會斷落並牢牢鈎在手套上。這種牢牢鈎取的棘刺感與細微構造，正是捕捉食物的本領。藉助掃描式電子顯微鏡的拍攝，可以清楚地看出，這些奪命小鉤鉤在腕足上的細密排列，以及鉤鉤本身的精美構造。

The basket star Gorgoncephalus belongs to the Family Gorgonocephalidae, Order Phrynophiurida, Class Ophiuroidea, Phylum Echinodermata. Different from those of common brittle stars, the arms of this genus possess extremely complex branches, like Medusa's hair, which makes it difficult to clearly make out the body disc. If a diver manages to touch the arms with gloved hands, the tips of the branches may break off and stick to the glove. The microstructure and spiny texture of the hooks make them effective tools for capturing food. With a scanning electron microscope (SEM), we can clearly see the dense arrangement of these hooks on the arm, as well as the delicate structure of the hook itself.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

圖1. 2016年5月攝於國立自然科學博物館。筐蛇尾的腕足鈎放大圖。使用Hitachi- SU1510-SEM，放大600倍拍攝。

圖2. 2016年5月攝於國立自然科學博物館。筐蛇尾的腕足鈎分布放大圖。使用Hitachi- SU1510-SEM，放大200倍拍攝。

圖3. 2016年3月攝於小琉球白沙尾觀光港外海水深32公尺處。筐蛇尾的生態照。使用Canon digital IXUS 860 IS+原廠防水殼拍攝。

Image 1: This image was obtained at the National Museum of Natural Science in May 2016. It is a magnified image of a hook of a Gorgoncephalus arm, captured on a Hitachi-SU1510 SEM, 600x magnification.

Image 2: This image was obtained at the National Museum of Natural Science in May 2016, showing hooks distributed on a Gorgoncephalus arm, captured on a Hitachi-SU1510 SEM, 200x magnification.

Image 3: This image was taken at depth of 32 m off Baishawei Tourist Harbor, Xiuliuqiu in March 2016. It shows an individual of Gorgoncephalus in its natural environment. Equipment included Canon digital IXUS 860 IS + waterproof housing.

第三屆 佳作

海膽的菊花：頂系

Sea Urchin Flowers: Apical System

李坤瑄

海膽的頂系肩負著海膽生殖、排遺與運動等重要的生理功能。正型海膽的頂系，如同一朵美麗的五瓣花，隨著種類不同，具有各種不同的顏色與形狀。其中，環刺棘海膽的肛門更形成「肛乳突」的圓球形構造，在海中吸引水中攝影者的目光。而歪型海膽類大脆心形海膽的肛門，則離開體殼頂部的頂系，在身體側後方形成造型奇特的開口。

The apical system regulates major physiological functions, such as reproduction, excretion of waste and movement, of a sea urchin. On shells of regular sea urchins, the apical system appears as a beautiful five-petal flower-like structure, as shown in Image 1. Among different urchin species, there are differences in the shapes and colors of the apical system. Moreover, the banded sea urchin Echinothrix calamaris possesses a globular anal papilla above the apical system, which easily attracts the attention of underwater photographers. In the irregular sea urchin Linopneustes, the anus is not part of the apical system, but is instead located toward the posterior, forming an oddly shaped orifice.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

圖1. 2012年4月攝於墾丁核三廠出水口夜潛。特化的圍肛部：環刺棘海膽的肛乳突。使用Canon Digital IXUS 860 IS+原廠防水殼拍攝。

圖2. 2010年4月攝於國立自然科學博物館。大脆心形海膽的圍肛部與肛門。使用Nikon D5000單眼相機+ AF-S Micro Nikkor+ Raynox CM-3500 MicroExplorer外接放大鏡。

圖3. 2016年5月攝於國立自然科學博物館。各種正型海膽的頂系。使用Nikon D5000單眼相機並以MS Powerpoint組合海膽頂系照片。

Image 1: This image was obtained in a night dive near the outlet of the nuclear power plant in Kenting in April 2012. Specialized periproct: Anal papilla of Echinothrix calamaris. Equipment: Canon Digital IXUS 860 IS + waterproof housing.

Image 2: This image was obtained at the National Museum of Natural Science in April 2010. It shows the periproct and anus of the sea urchin Linopneustes. Taken with Nikon D5000 single lens camera + AF-S Micro Nikkor + Raynox CM-3500 MicroExplorer external magnifier.

Image 3: These images of the apical system of various regular sea urchins were taken at the National Museum of Natural Science in May 2016, using a Nikon D500 single lens camera. MS Powerpoint was used to combine the images into a slide.

第一屆 佳作

會呼吸的皮膚：海星的皮鰓

Skin that Breathes: Dermal Gills of Starfish

李坤瑄

海燕和一般海星一樣，口面有明顯的「步帶溝」，打開後可伸出眾多具有吸盤的管足，這是牠們最主要的運動和捕食器官。只有在活著的時候，海星的反口面才會在特定區域浮現一層透明的呼吸構造，稱為「皮鰓」。皮鰓與管足是同源器官，朝上長在反口面，但已無吸盤，亦無運動和捕食作用。色彩鮮豔的海燕呈現海星的水管系統的一體兩面。

The starfish Asterina pectinofera, like all other starfishes, possesses ambulacral grooves on its oral side. When the grooves open, many tube feet with suction pads extend for movement and feeding. A transparent breathing structure called “dermal gill” is only visible when the starfish is alive. It is homologous to the tube foot. Facing upwards on the aboral surface, it has no suction pads or function in terms of movement or catching prey. This work reveals the two sides of the ambulacral system of this spectacular starfish.

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2

技術說明 Technical Introduction

圖1.山東青島潮間帶的海燕生態照：2012年7月21日，以Nikon D5000相機+60毫米 Micro Nikkor 鏡頭+SB-800閃燈，f/25，在山東省青島市潮間帶拍攝。圖2. 海燕反口面的皮鰓：2012年7月21日，Raynox 35毫米Microscopic Lens 12x CM-3500，在山東省青島市潮間帶拍攝。圖3. 海燕口面運動用的管足：2012年7月21日在山東省青島市潮間帶拍攝。

Image 1: Taken in the tidal flats of Qingdao City, Shangdong Province on July 21, 2012. Equipment included Nikon D5000 camera with 60mm Micro Nikkor lens and SB-800 flash, f/25. Image 2: The dermal gills on the starfish’s aboral surface, taken on July 21, 2012. Equipment included Raynox 35mm Microscopic Lens 12x CM-3500. Image 3: The tube feet on the starfish’s oral surface, taken on July 21, 2012 in the tidal flats of Qingdao City, Shandong Province.

第三屆 佳作

香蕉藻民宿的房客：肯果柱狀海天牛

Guest in Banana Algae B&B: Ercolania kencolesi

蘇俊育

這種海蛞蝓於2007年在蜥蜴島被發現，為了表彰長期贊助蜥蜴島研究站的 Ken Coles 先生，命名為「肯果柱狀海天牛」。其生態行為特殊，會在香蕉藻表面用齒舌鑽洞，然後進入藻類組織中，刮取吸食藻類細胞液，並將葉綠體原封不動地貯存在背上長條狀的露鰓中，像帶著太陽能行動電源，靠葉綠體行光合作用的能量生活。繁殖時，將卵團以逆時鐘螺旋形產在藻類組織壁上。卵於藻內孵化，藻體崩解後，浮游性幼蟲就被釋放出來。這類海蛞蝓高度依賴香蕉藻生存和繁殖。

This species of sea slug was discovered on Lizard Island in 2007, and named Ercolania kencolesi to honor Ken Coles for his long-term support of the Lizard Island Research Station. With its radula, this animal cuts open a hole in the banana algae and burrows itself into the algal tissue. Scraping the tissue, it sucks up cell fluid. Instead of being digested, the chloroplasts of the algae are transferred and stored intact in the long strip-like cerata on the slug's back. As they undergo photosynthesis, these chloroplasts actually function like tiny solar batteries in the sea slug. During the reproductive period, E. kencolesi lays eggs in a counterclockwise spiral on the tissue wall inside the algae. As the algae frond dissolves, planktonic larvae are released. This species specifically relies on banana algae for reproduction and survival.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年2月攝於墾丁後壁湖潮間帶。使用Nikon D7100、85毫米微距鏡頭、近攝接寫環與R1C1環形閃光燈。拍攝後以Photoshop去除汙點、調整亮度、對比及裁切。本物種只有在大堡礁、北昆士蘭至關島有過記錄，墾丁的發現大幅擴展其分布的北界。文獻資料僅描述本物種會鑽入、鑽出香蕉藻，卻一直缺乏相關影像紀錄。本次發現並拍攝到該物種，只差鑽出行為未觀察到，略作休息後正準備離開，回頭猛然發現牠鑽出香蕉藻，便趕緊重新進行拍攝，捕捉剛好準備鑽出移開的瞬間。

These images were taken in the tidal flats of Houbihu in February 2016, using Nikon D7100, 85mm macro lens, extension tube and R1C1 ring flash. Photoshop was employed for particle removal, adjustment of brightness and contrast, and image cropping. In the past, this species was only recorded in the Great Barrier Reef, and from northern Queensland to Guam. Its discovery in Kenting greatly expands the northern boundary of its distribution. Previous literature includes only written descriptions of this species boring in and out of banana algae. After obtaining bore-in images, the bore-out behavior remained to be captured. Just as I was about to wrap up, I turned around and discovered it boring out from the banana algae. I hurriedly resumed photographing as it emerged.

第三屆 佳作

海草上的翡翠寶石

Emerald on Sea Grass

蘇俊育

翡翠蜑螺的食衣住行都和海草緊密相連。翠綠且點綴白斑的殼色，在海草床中是良好的保護色。海草的葉片除了提供隱蔽性良好的立體棲息空間，也提供充足的食物來源。其利用齒突上大而銳利的側齒，穿刺刮破海草的纖維表皮吸取汁液。檢視海草葉片，會看到翡翠蜑螺產下的半圓形果凍狀卵塊，半透明卵塊裡有一顆顆的卵。當卵發育至披面幼蟲期後，會突破卵鞘進行浮游生活，直到著苗在下一片海草葉，重新開始新的生活。

The survival of the emerald nerite Smaragdia rangiana is closely linked to sea grass. Its shell is emerald green with white dots, which provides great camouflage in sea grass beds. Sea grass leaves supply shelter and food. Smaragdia rangiana uses large, sharp teeth of the radula to puncture and scrape the fibrous surface of the grass leaf and suck the juice. Examining the leaf, the sea snail has produced a semicircular, jelly-like egg mass; the eggs are visible within the semi-transparent mass. When the larvae are sufficiently developed, they break through the egg cases and drift away. Once they find another grass leaf, they settle down and begin their new life.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年6月3日於東沙島發現後攜回實驗室觀察記錄。使用Nikon D7100、85毫米微距鏡頭、近攝接寫環與R1C1環形閃光燈。以Photoshop進行去除汙點、亮度、對比、白平衡和裁切調整。在過去的野外經驗中，一直希望能發現活的翡翠蜑螺。曾在墾丁有尋找海草床的環境，最終只看到一次空殼。檢視實驗室裡老師的收藏，同樣也只有一筆空殼標本，採集地在高雄彌陀，一個充滿魚塭、海堤和消波塊的地方，只能當成心中的夢幻物種。直到踏上東沙島，終於發現翡翠蜑螺，牠們的族群數量龐大穩定，以潟湖裡大片茂密的海草床為棲地。墾丁和彌陀或許以前有過相同的環境，因人為改變和環境變遷，導致棲地衰退，翡翠蜑螺也就跟著從臺灣本島消失。在此記錄翡翠蜑螺於海草上刮食的痕跡和產下的卵團，並拍攝蜑螺從海草葉背探頭的瞬間。海草因行光合作用，葉片上剛好產生三個氣泡。

I brought this sea snail from Dongsha Island to the laboratory for observation and recording on June 3, 2016. Equipment included Nikon D7100, 85mm macro lens, extension tube and R1C1 ring flash. Spots were removed and cropping was carried out with Photoshop. The same software was also used to adjust brightness, contrast and white balance. Hoping to find a living Smaragdia rangiana, I had searched sea grass beds in Kenting, but only found an empty shell.

I also checked the collection of my advisor. There too was one empty shell specimen, collected in Mituo District of Kaohsiung, which is now characterized by aquaculture ponds, sea walls and wave breaker blocks. It wasn't until I visited Dongsha Island that I came across a large and stable population of Smaragdia rangiana among dense sea grass in a lagoon. Perhaps Kenting and Mituo once had similar environments. Smaragdia rangiana may no longer be found on Taiwan proper. The sea grass shows traces of scraping by Smaragdia rangiana and the deposition of egg masses. Its head can be seen popping over the grass blade. As the grass undergoes photosynthesis, three air bubbles are formed.

第一屆 佳作

海蛞蝓的微笑

The Grin of the Sea Slug

余慧盈

眼斑平鰓海蛞蝓是一種攝食藻類的海蛞蝓。這類的海蛞蝓利用齒舌刺破海藻吸食其中的液體，藉此獲取能量，還可將葉綠體保留在身體的消化腺中行光合作用製造養份，可說摸蜆仔兼洗褲一舉兩得！在網路上搜尋此種海蛞蝓可找到許多圖片，但似乎沒有人嘗試過以平視角度拍攝，沒想到結果令人非常驚喜，海蛞蝓似乎在微笑。

The sea slug Plakobranchus ocellatus is an alage-grazer. Using its radula to pierce the seaweed, it sucks out the juices to obtain energy. This sea slug also stores chloroplasts within its digestive glands and uses them for photosynthesis to produce nutrients, which brings to mind the saying "killing two birds with one stone". There are numerous sea slug images on the Internet but hardly any have been taken at eye level. I am pleasantly surprised with these shots because the sea slug seems to be grinning at me.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2010年11月23日攝於澎湖青灣水試所。將海蛞蝓放置於海水缸中，使用Nikon D80+ 105mm微距鏡 +一個離機閃光燈 + 機頂閃光燈，以軟體加對比調亮度以及抹除雜點。

Taken at Qingwan Fisheries Research Institute in Penghu on November 23, 2010. The sea slug was placed in seawater tank and a Nikon D80 with 105mm macro lens, one additional flash unit and top mount flash were used to capture the images. Post-processing was done to increase contrast, adjust light intensity and remove splotches.

第三屆 佳作

海鞘中的住客

House Guest in a Sea Squirt

張帆

在海底，許多動物會依靠彼此而共同生活。仔細觀察海鞘的內部空間，往往可發現有共生的小蝦，隱藏在像叢林一樣的結構中。

In the sea, many animals live together for survival. Look carefully into a sea squirt. There are often small shrimp hidden inside the jungle-like structures.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

攝於印尼四王群島。快門速度：1/250s，光圈：f/22，曝光時間：1/250s。均使用Canon DPP軟體校色，圖片個別經過Photoshop簡單處理前景的浮塵。

This image was taken at Raja Ampat, Indonesia. Shutter speed 1/250s; aperture f/22; exposure time 1/250s. Canon DPP software was used for color correction. Photoshop was also used to edit out particles.

第三屆 佳作

沙丁魚風暴

Sardine Storm

張帆

潛水夫以自由潛水的方式，潛入遮天蔽日的沙丁魚中，打開一扇天窗。作品彷彿開啟一幅穿越時空的視窗，人類回到生命演化之初的海洋深處，正與海洋生物們悠游嬉戲，寄託了攝影師期盼人類與自然萬物在地球圈和諧共融的美好願景。

A free diver clears a space in a large school of sardines, allowing light in. In this image, it appears as if a time portal was opened, allowing humans to visit the depths of the oceans as life began to evolve, and to frolic with the creatures of the sea. This image is a beautiful vision of the harmony and interdependence between humans and Nature.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

攝於菲律賓宿霧莫亞礁。快門速度：1/200s，光圈：f/10，曝光時間：1/200s。圖片均使用Canon DPP軟體校色，個別經過Photoshop簡單處理前景的浮塵。

This image was obtained in Moalboal, Cebu, Philippines. Shutter speed: 1/200s; aperture: f/10; exposure time: 1/200s. Canon DPP software was used for color correction and Photoshop for simple editing out of particles from the foreground.

第三屆 佳作

展翅高飛

Soaring to Great Heights

蕭世輝

生活在海中的飛魚，發展出一套空中短程飛行的特殊裝置，用來避敵延續生命。當飛魚受到掠食者或航行船舶驚擾，會鼓起並展開特化的胸鰭。在短短1至2秒內，多次奮力扭動尾部，以稍長的尾鰭下緣，在海面劃出眾多優美的連接號。當累積足夠的動能時，就可打直魚身、攤平胸鰭，如滑翔翼般離水，短暫飛行一段距離。由此快速轉換身處的環境，躲避原本可能的敵害。

The flying fish lives in the ocean, but has developed unique adaptations that allow it short flights above the water to avoid predators. When encountering a predator or startled by an ocean-going vessel it will extend and puff up its pectoral fins and take flight for one to two seconds. It spares no effort in twisting and moving its tail. The long tail fin creates a beautiful wake. When it gathers enough kinetic energy, it straightens out its body to allow its pectoral fins to lie flat, and glides above the water's surface for a short distance. It can therefore quickly escape its surroundings and hide from a possible predator.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年6月29日下午4點48分攝於臺灣海洋研究船，由南往北航行於墾丁西西南方約100公里的南中國海上（東經119.38°、北緯22.01° ）。使用Canon 60D數位單眼相機與400毫米，f/5.6 L鏡頭，拍攝條件為相機自動對焦連拍模式，設定為M（手動）模式，ISO 400，快門1/1000s，光圈f/5.6。影像為拍攝原圖，無任何的電腦後製和調整。由於匯集許多的天時地利，如：海水清淨、底夠深、風平浪靜、接近傍晚的太陽光線，畫面色彩飽和度高，且角度的關係，使得圖中的飛魚，倘佯在彷彿鏡般的海面上，倒影也顯得栩栩如生。

This image was captured from a Taiwanese marine research vessel at 4:48 pm on June 29, 2013. The location was in the South China Sea about 100 kilometers west southwest of Kenting moving in a northerly direction (east longitude 119.38˚, north latitude 22.01˚). Equipment included Canon 60D digital single-lens reflex camera and 400mm, f/5.6L lens, in auto focus and burst mode. Settings included M (manual) mode, ISO 400, shutter speed 1/1000s, aperture f/5.6, without flash. This image is the original file. There was no editing or fine tuning. Due to the favorable conditions, including weather, calm waters and the sun's rays, the color saturation level was high. Moreover, due to the angle of the sun, the surface of the water acted as a mirror, clearly reflecting the subject.

植物與真菌

Plants and Fungi

春天的腳步近了

Spring Footsteps

周純瑗

變葉木是一種顏色豐富且多變的植物，在校園或公園十分容易見到。變葉木的葉片通常越老顏色就越深紅，新生的葉子則是綠色的。路過校園時，恰巧發現某株變葉木的葉脈呈現腳印狀，且葉子的排列角度，也是由內到外呈現老葉到新葉的順序。就如同駐足的葉脈，秋紅走過又即將迎接春綠的到來。

Variegated croton (Codiaeum variegatum) is a multi-colored, highly variable plant. It is commonly seen on school campuses and in parks. As the leaves age, they become deep red, while younger leaves are green. I happened to pass a school campus and discover this variegated croton with footprint-shaped vein patterns. The leaves were arranged from oldest to newest from inside to out. It appeared as if after the red of fall, the green of spring was ushered in.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年9月19日攝於臺北市大安區。使用Panasonic GF7微單眼轉接Sigma 105毫米微距鏡頭，採A模式，光圈f/4，快門1/200s。上班的路上經過校園時拍攝，由於現場光線不足，用電腦檢視時發覺偏暗，因此稍微增加曝光和亮度，並將照片由橫幅轉為直幅。

This image was obtained in the Daan District of Taipei City on September 19, 2016. Panasonic GF7 with electronic viewfinder interchangeable lens and connector Sigma 105mm macro lens were used with A mode, aperture f/4, shutter speed 1/200s. This was taken at a school campus in Daan District of Taipei City on my way to work, just after I had parked my car. The light at that time was not very good. After returning home and looking at this image on my computer, I discovered some darkness. So, I added a little bit of exposure and brightness and transformed the image from horizontal to vertical.

致命誘惑

Fatal Attraction

牛洋

分布於熱帶亞洲的錦地羅是最為常見的食蟲植物之一。雖然身形微小，但頗為獨特。透過微距鏡頭，可以觀察到其微小腺毛的精細結構，晶瑩剔透、色彩鮮豔，妖媚的顏色和姿態，似乎是在誘惑附近的獵物。不過，目前還沒有充分研究證據表明，這種鮮豔的腺毛顏色在誘捕昆蟲的過程中發揮了作用。

Drosera burmanii is a common carnivorous plant that inhabits the tropical regions of Asia. Although small in size, it is quite unique. Through a macro lens, one can view the intricate structure of the indumentum. Crystal clear and colorful, its seductive gestures seemingly entice nearby prey. However, there is so far no evidence to suggest that the vivid colors of the indumentum play a function in capturing insects.

第二屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2012年11月攝於老撾南部的一片季節性沼澤附近。使用D80相機及90毫米微距鏡頭，放大倍率1:1。

Taken in a seasonal marshland in the southern region of Laos in November 2012 using a D80 camera and a 90mm macro lens with 1:1 magnification.

種子幻境

The Fantasy World of Seeds

牛洋 李漣漪

一粒微小的種子，卻蘊藏著成長為參天大樹的全部密碼。藉助X光造影儀的強大力量，我們得以更深入地欣賞種子精美的外部和內部結構。這些精巧的結構和多樣性，通過上色與組合的各種處理，讓人領略到植物世界乃至整個宇宙的精妙與繁雜。

Such a tiny seed, yet it holds the key to the growth of a tree. With the aid of X-ray radiography, we can go a step further to look at the elegant interior and exterior structures of a seed. Using composition and coloring, these ingenious and diverse structures provide insight into the plant world and the complexity of the universe.

第一屆 臺灣水泥獎

技術說明 Technical Introduction

種子庫不僅保藏種子，同時也對種子的生物學特性進行研究。為了在不對種子進行機械損傷的情況下觀察種子的內部結構，中科院昆明植物研究所的研究人員利用X光造影設備拍攝了一系列形態各異的種子圖片。科研人員能夠從這些照片中讀出種子或果實的發育情況以及健康狀態，藉以判斷它們是否具有保藏價值。拍攝器材及參數：X光造影儀Faxitron X-ray MX-20拍攝，取得黑白照片，經後期上色、構圖及拼接。

Seed databases are not only places for storing seeds, but also for conducting research on the biological characteristics of seeds. To avoid damage to the seeds when observing their internal structures, researchers at the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science use X-ray radiography equipment to capture the various forms and structures of seeds. They are able to identify the conditions for growth and the health of seeds and fruits, as well as to determine whether or not they are worth keeping in storage. Equipment included MRI Faxitron MX-20 system. Black and white photographs were obtained, then colored in, composed and pieced together.

第一屆

優 選

生命的觸手

Tentacles of Life

牛洋

傳粉過程係植物有性生殖的重要環節。花粉落置於柱頭表面之後，萌生的花粉管如同觸手一般將雄配子送入子房，使胚珠受孕。這一過程可藉由螢光染色的方式在顯微鏡下呈現在人們眼前。星星點點的藍色螢光、搖曳的花粉粒形成了一幅如夢似幻的畫面。

Pollination is an important step in the sexual reproduction of flowering plants. Once pollen lands on the stigma, it germinates and its pollen tube grows downward into the style to the ovary, enabling the ovule to fertilize. Fluorescent stain and microscope were used for viewing. The sparkling blue fluorescence and swaying pollen create a dreamy image.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2010年10月攝於中國科學院昆明植物研究所。作者首先在野外為細葉藍鐘花（中國西南地區特有種）授粉，而後用固定液保存樣品，在實驗室中採用苯胺藍染料染色，再通過螢光顯微鏡觀察，最後藉助顯微鏡成像系統拍攝獲得圖像。

Taken at the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences in October 2010. The photographer first had the wild Cyananthus delavayi (native to China’s southwest) pollinated and preserved in fixing solution. Aniline dyeing material was then used to dye the plant in the laboratory, followed by observation under a fluorescence microscope. This image was captured using microscope imaging system.

第二屆 佳作

小人！退散！

Beware of the Villain!

魏佳玲 黃嘉芃

大自然是不是因為人類濫砍濫伐而生氣了呢？否則怎會做出一個身上插滿大頭針的小人！友人開玩笑地說道。圖中的小人是一種名為炭角菌的真菌，雖然已完成繁衍後代的使命，且菌體呈腐朽狀態，卻另類地為黏菌（大頭針）扮演著梯子的功能，讓它們可以爬得更高，讓孢子得以傳播得更遠。黏菌是一群小巧可愛的「生物」，在變形體時期可以到處走動並掠食，等到營養足夠，便進入子實體時期，此時不再移動，而是專注於繁衍後代。

Is Nature angry at us due to our destructive habits? Otherwise, why would it create a villain with large pins all over its body? This is something that a friend said in jest, but does hold a lesson. This image presents the Xylaria fungus. It has completed its mission of propagation, and its body is showing signs of decay. The large pin-like structures are slime mold, which appears to form a ladder, allowing spores to be disseminated farther. Slime molds are a group of small organisms. During morphogenesis, they can move and find food. When there are not enough nutrients, they enter the fruiting body phase, in which they no longer move, but are instead focused on propagating the next generation.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年9月5日攝於新北市三峽山區。使用Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2 機身搭配 Canon FD 50毫米，f/1.8手動鏡頭，用內建閃燈及小型反光板輔助。後製以SILKYPIX Developer Studio 3.1 SE調整對比、亮度及裁切。黑色棒狀物為某種炭角菌，類似大頭針狀物則為某種黏菌。

This image was taken in the hills of Sanxia on September 5, 2015. Equipment included Panasonic Lumix DMC-GF2 camera body with Canon FD 50mm, f/1.8 manual lens. An internal flash and small reflector were also used. Post editing included adjustment of contrast, brightness and cropping accomplished with SILKYPIX Developer Studio 3.1 SE. The black rod-like structure is a type of Xylaria fungus and the pin-like structures are a type of slime mold.

第二屆 佳作

黏菌雪森林

Mycetoza Snowy Woods

魏佳玲

這是一個爭奪地盤的節奏，地主「真菌」在這棵腐朽木頭已占領數月之久。某天，局勢出現變化，一種不是動物也不是植物的「黏菌」，正悄悄的入侵宿主的身體，大夥吸吮著牠體內一點一滴的精華，將牠榨乾致死，並在宿主身上長出象徵勝利的「雪之樹」，雪之森林因而形成，也宣告戰役已經結束。

This is a turf war. Dry rot fungi has occupied this space for months, however, a change is happening. Mycetoza, which are neither animal nor plant, have secretly entered the bodies of the hosts and are slowly sucking the essence out of them. With each snowy tree a sign of victory, a forest of snowy trees has formed to announce the end of the war.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年7月攝於臺東達仁林場。在走道旁發現一根腐木，遠觀像一團發黴，近看原來是鵝絨黏菌屬成員寄生在圓盤菌科成員上。黏菌在生活史早期像動物，四處遊走、覓食，但後期成熟後便靜止，長出子實體並釋放孢子，繁衍下一代，而真菌是靠菌絲獲得養分，分解木頭裡的纖維素、木質素，或者土壤中的有機質。使用Panasonic的GF1、Canon FD 50毫米，f/1.8 老鏡頭、自然光。由於老鏡發色清淡，後製使用SILKYPIX軟體拉強對比。

Taken at Daren Experimental Forest Station in Taitung in July 2013. While on a walkway, I came across a piece of rotted wood. From a distance, I saw what looked like a clump of mold, but when I got closer, I discovered that it was actually Ceratiomyxa on the body of its host Orbiliceae. It resembles an animal during its early stages of life, moving slowly, but freely, and feeding. But, as it matures, it becomes static and releases spores to foster the next generation. The fungus absorbs nutrients through hyphae, which decompose the cellulose and lignin within the wood or the organic matter within the soil. This image was captured using a Panasonic GF1, Canon FD with 50mm, f/1.8 lens, natural lighting. Contrast was strengthened using SILKYPIX software due to the light color created by the lens.

第二屆 佳作

竹林裡的精靈（螢光蕈）

Spirits of the Bamboo Forest (Bioluminescent Fungi)

陳裕隆

發光小菇「螢光蕈」，是臺灣少見的夜間發光真菌之一。北美洲居民稱呼這些發光蕈菇為「狐火」、「鬼火」，日本則稱為「夜光茸」，在臺灣有「夜精靈」之稱。多雨季節的夜晚，螢光蕈的淡淡綠色光芒，有如綠色小燈。螢光蕈極挑剔生長環境，污染及人為干擾多的地方很難見到，近年來乃被當成環境優劣的指標生物。螢光蕈「出菇」後約可存活三天，第一天最亮，隨著時間遞減，且只剩蕈傘會發光。白天將螢光蕈移入暗室並不會發光，只有夜晚會發光，其發光機制尚未有明確結論！

Bioluminescent fungi Mycena chlorophos are one of the rare nighttime luminescent fungi in Taiwan. They are called “Fox fire” or “Will-o’-the-wisp” in North America, “Kitsunebi” in Japan and “Spirit of the night” in Taiwan. In the evenings during the rainy season, the dim green light emitted from the fungi makes them look like little green lamps. They are difficult to find as they avoid contaminated environments and environments in which there has been human interference. In recent years, they have been considered an indicator of environmental quality. Once the fungi bear fruit, they live for only three days. They glow the brightest on the first day, but as time passes, only the cap of the fungus glows. If taken into a dark room during the day, it will not illuminate, doing so only at night. This is a phenomenon that continues to baffle scientists.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年4月攝於潭子後山。使用Sony SLT-A77V，46”，f/8.0，閃光燈ISO 200，鏡頭焦距180.0毫米。由於螢光蕈發出的螢光光度微弱，需要採取長時間曝光，相機要架上腳架使用快門線，閃燈開後簾同步先讓綠色螢光獲得足夠曝光，之後閃燈微弱補光讓竹子及背景受光。

Taken in the mountains of Tanzi in April 2013,using a SONY SLT-A77V, 46sec, f/8.0, flash ISO 200, focal distance 180.0mm. Since the fluorescent light projected from the bioluminescent fungi is rather weak, long-term exposure is required to capture the image. The camera needs to be connected to a cable release and placed on a tripod. Once the flash is on, the green luminescence needs sufficient exposure. The flash will then slightly compensate for the lack of light to highlight the bamboo and the background.

昆蟲與蜘蛛

Insects and Spiders

哈囉

Hello!

吳昶甫

這是危害地瓜葉的大黑星龜金花蟲的一生。以地瓜葉為背景，突顯幼蟲的新生，蛹期的沈寂，和成熟的成蟲。成蟲舉起右前足，彷彿在告訴著大家：「嘿！你好，我來啦！」

大黑星龜金花蟲的幼蟲及成蟲皆具黃底黑斑紋的體色，是顯眼的警戒色，表示：我可不好惹！幼蟲腹部末端的兩個肉刺向上舉，可以固定蛻下的皮作為隱蔽用。蛹具有成蟲外觀，照片右側的前胸背板已有清楚輪廓，羽化後成為覆蓋頭部的透明板片。成蟲腳部末端幾節具有黏毛，能在光滑的葉子上暢行無阻。

This spotted tortoise beetle (Aspidomorpha miliaris) harms sweet potato leaves. With sweet potato leaves serving as the background, these three images show the larva, pupa and mature adult. The adult has raised its right front leg almost as if saying; “ Hello everyone, here I am.”

The larva and adult are both yellow with black spots. These are obvious warning colors indicating that, “You had better stay away from me.” Along the larva’s lower abdomen are two fleshy spikes that are bent upwards to hold the cast skin and serve as camouflage. The pupa has an adult appearance. The image on the right shows the clear outline of the pronotum. Once it goes through transformation, it will become a transparent plate for the head covering. There are adhesive hairs along the lower sections of the adult's tarsi. These enable them to move across slippery leaves without difficulty.

第一屆 和平電力獎

第一屆

優 選

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2012年11月13日、12月3日攝於苗栗縣大湖鄉。使用設備：Nikon D800，60毫米， f/2.8D，SB900*2。影像取得及後製方式：以D800拍攝，使用機頂閃光觸發兩支SB900打光，以Lightroom增加銳利度、對比、飽和度，並將背景調亮突顯主題。

Photographed in Dahu Township, Miaoli County on November 13 and December 3, 2012. Equipment used: Nikon D800 with 60mm, f/2.8D lens and two SB900 flashes. Lightroom was used to adjust sharpness, contrast and saturation, as well as to brighten the background to allow the subject to stand out.

琉球長頸虎甲

Tiger Beetle Neocollyris loochoosensis

鄭孟賢

在烏來信賢步道做生態觀察時，發現這隻「琉球長頸虎甲」正在產卵，身上獨特的光澤讓人驚豔。一般虎甲產卵都是在地上挖坑，但此長頸虎甲並非在地上挖坑，疑似先咬開植物皮再自行產卵。長頸虎甲為樹棲，目前對幼蟲期的狀況還不太了解，加上牠們非常敏感，能遇上產卵中，乖乖又不怎麼動的琉球長頸虎甲，真是幸運。

I came across this tiger beetle (Neocollyris loochooensis) as it was laying eggs during a field trip to the Xinxian Trail in Wulai. Its unique coloration is stunning. In most cases, tiger beetles dig a hole in the ground to lay eggs. However, this individual seemed to have bitten into the surface of this plant and then laid its eggs in the injured part. It is a tree-dwelling insect and its larval stage is not yet clear. As it is highly sensitive, it was very fortunate to have discovered this individual.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年6月27日上午10點攝於新北市烏來區信賢步道。使用Canon EOS 50D，Canon EF，100毫米， f/2.8L，Macro IS USM，Canon Speedlite 580EX Ⅱ Flash，光圈：f/11，快門：1/160s，ISO 200。

This image was obtained along the Xinxian Trail in Wulai District of New Taipei City at 10:00 am on June 27, 2015. Equipment included Canon EOS 50D, Canon EF, 100mm, f/2.8L, Macro IS USM, Canon Speedlite 580EX II Flash, aperture: f/11, shutter speed: 1/160s, ISO 200.

生命中的逗號

The Pause in Life

錢昕

花鳳蝶幼蟲蛻皮時卸下的頭殼是幼蟲成長的紀錄。每蛻一次頭殼，頭就長大一次，頭蛻不會被「回收」食用，留下作為成長的見證。幼蟲蛻皮前約有一天時間不吃不動，等待新的外骨骼形成。這期間頭殼會先分離，但仍留在位置上。蛻皮時身體有規律地收縮，將舊皮推向尾端。牠們共蛻皮5次，最後一次是化蛹。蛻皮是為了繼續成長必經的停頓，是生命中的逗號，各期的頭殼連結為成長的軌跡。

During the molting process, the larva of the Papilio demoleus butterfly leaves behind a head capsule as evidence of growth. Once the larva molts, its head becomes a little bigger and the head capsule is discarded without being consumed. In waiting for the development of its exoskeleton, the larva becomes motionless while fasting for a whole day. During this period of time, the head capsule loosens but remains intact. Through regular contractions, the capsule is pushed downwards. The larva molts five times before pupation. Molting is the pause needed for the continuation of growth and the shed head capsules indicate the path of development.

第二屆 廣達青少年獎

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2014年8月於家中陽臺的柚子植株上，發現花鳳蝶的一齡幼蟲並開始觀察，過程中收集各次蛻皮所蛻下的頭殼。化蛹產生的頭殼（最大那顆）原本與胸、腹部蛻皮相連，為比較頭殼大小，拍攝前將頭殼以外部分切除。2014年9月以Nikon Df相機拍攝，幼蟲頭殼置於白色背景上，f/57，1/60，ISO 1600，閃光燈置於畫面下方。後製調整亮度及對比。感謝彭大慶老師提供攝影器材並指導操作。

In August 2014, I found a larva of the Papilio demoleus butterfly on the pomelo plant on my balcony. I collected the different head capsules whenever the larva molted. The head capsule was originally connected to the rest of the exoskeleton. This image was taken in September 2014 using a Nikon Df camera. The head capsules were laid on a white background, f/57, 1/60, ISO 1600, with flash placed beneath. Final post-processing was adjusted for brightness and contrast. I would like to thank Peng, Da-qing, a photography teacher, for providing me with equipment and instruction.

第二屆

青少年組

優 選

共進午餐

Shared Lunch

林至鴻

毛毛蟲把葉芽咬開，螞蟻在一旁吃咬開後流出的汁液，而沒有捕食毛毛蟲，形成毛毛蟲與螞蟻彷彿在小圓桌上一起吃飯的有趣畫面。螞蟻除了不會傷害蚜蟲、小灰蝶幼蟲，提供食物給螞蟻的小蟲外，也不會攻擊幫助牠們取食植物汁液的昆蟲。

This rather unusual scene captures a caterpillar and ants harmoniously sharing a meal on a small round table. The caterpillar takes a chunk out of the leaf bud while the ants sip the juices from it. Ants, in general, will not attack aphids, or the larvae of the lycaenid butterfly, which provide them with food and help them to obtain plant juices.

第二屆 廣達青少年獎

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2014年2月攝於內湖大溝溪。使用Olympus TG-2相機拍攝。

Taken at Dagouxi, Neihu in February 2014 using an Olympus TG-2 camera.

第二屆

青少年組

優 選

生死之吻

The Kiss of Life and Death

張智翔

此一吻，是生，既是死。對厲椿象來說是生，對毛蟲來說是死。臺灣厲椿象若蟲正在用其特化的口器，吸食某種蝶蛾類幼蟲的體液。厲椿象是肉食性的椿象，被視為益蟲。圖1的構圖，像極了西斯汀大教堂中，米開朗基羅所繪的創世紀──上帝賦予亞當生命的畫作，但相反的，這是一幅索命的景象。

This is the kiss of life and death. The stink bug Eocanthecona formosa feeds for life, which leads to the death of the caterpillar. Eocanthecona formosa uses its specialized mouthparts to suck the body fluid from the caterpillar. This is a carnivorous stink bug that is considered a beneficial insect. Image 1 reminds me of the painting Book of Genesis by Michelangelo (stored in the Sistine Chapel) in which God bestows life to Adam. Nonetheless, the action in this photograph brings death.

第三屆 佳作

2

3

1

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年5月1日攝於新北市坪林。使用Olympus TG-4。用Lightroom稍微增加對比，使照片更為飽和與清晰。

These images were photographed in Pinglin on May 1, 2016 using Olympus TG-4. Lightroom was used to slightly elevate contrast, saturation and clarity.

蛋蛋的憂傷（平腹小蜂）

Egg Parasitoid Wasp (Anastatus japonicus)

劉政宜

近年來有機農業日漸盛行，生物防治法就是採取非農藥自然防治法的一環，即利用害蟲的天敵來達到防治的目的。施放平腹小蜂被視為防治椿象的終極武器，其體長約3 - 4毫米，屬於寄生性天敵昆蟲。藉由平腹小蜂會寄生卵的特性，來抑制椿象的繁殖。圖為平腹小蜂正準備在黃斑椿象卵中產卵。

Organic farming has become increasingly popular in the past decades. Farmers use eco-friendly methods including biological control instead of chemicals to control pests. A common way is to raise and release natural predators to reduce pests in the field. For example, natural predators can be released. The parasitoid wasp Anastatus japonicus is the ultimate weapon against the stink bug. This tiny wasp is about 3-4mm long. It is parasitic on the eggs which can help control the pest population. A wasp is shown preparing to lay its eggs amid the eggs of the yellow spotted stink bug Erthesina fullo.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年8月5日攝於臺中市公園。使用的設備為Fujifilm X-Pro2，鏡頭為 XF55-200毫米（加近攝鏡），使用Viltrox JY-620單顆閃燈及自製柔光罩拍攝。使用Lightroom 裁切微調後製。

This image was obtained in Taichung Park on August 5, 2016. Equipment included Fujifilm X-Pro2, XF55-200mm lens (close-up lens), Viltrox JY-620 flash and homemade diffuser. Lightroom was used for cropping and fine tuning.

好像少了兩隻？

Are There Two Missing?

陳鴻生

黃斑椿象是平地常見的一種椿象，拍攝過程中，常發現有平腹小蜂（寄生蜂）在卵上寄生，就知道這一窩無法孵化了。白色卵鞘蓋上的黑色三角物體，是黃斑椿象若蟲自備的孵化破卵器，若蟲用此破卵器打開卵蓋，孵化後將它遺留在卵蓋邊，也有可能掉入卵殼內。照片中一共有12個卵，去掉2個孵化失敗的，共有10隻幼蟲。黃斑椿象雌蟲在產卵時，經常以12個卵為一組，至於為何如此？會是有趣的研究主題。

The tallow stink bug is a common species in flatlands. While photographing, I saw the egg parasitoid wasp (Anastatus japonicus), and I knew that the entire clutch would not be able to hatch. The black triangle egg-buster on the egg capsule functions as the opener. The hatching nymphs use it to open the operculum. After they hatch it is left in the operculum or drops into the egg capsule. In this image, there are 12 eggs. Two failed to hatch, which means that there are 10 nymphs. The tallow stink bug usually lays 12 eggs per clutch. The reason behind that is an interesting question for further research.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年8月7日上午拍攝於臺中市大坑中正露營區。使用Canon 7D2相機+EF-100 F2.8的鏡頭+DCR-250微距鏡、閃光燈，再加上自製柔光罩和補光板，快門1/125 s，光圈f/22，焦距 100毫米，ISO 200。RAW檔先用Canon轉檔軟體轉成TIFF檔，再以Lightroom、Photoshop調整輸出。

This image was taken in the Zhongzheng Camping Area of Dakeng in Taichung City on the morning of August 7, 2016. Equipment included Canon 7D2 camera + EF-100 F2.8, eight lenses + DCR-250 macro lens, flash unit with homemade diffuser and reflector disc, shutter speed 1/125 s, aperture f/22, focal distance 100mm, ISO 200. RAW file was transferred to TIFF format using Canon formatting software. Then, Lightroom and Photoshop were used for editing and exporting.

睡美人（青條花蜂）

Sleeping Beauty (Amegilla calceifera)

劉政宜

鞋斑無墊蜂體長約1.2公分，由於腹部有4-5條水青色的橫帶，因此俗稱青條花蜂。青條花蜂白天在花叢間快速地移動，訪花吸取花蜜，黃昏會集體在枝條上找床舖，並用其特化的大顎，緊緊咬住枝條或氣根，並把腳收起來睡覺。這些睡美人兒都是雄蜂，不會築巢，各處為家、雲遊四海。

Amegilla calceifera measures about 1.2 cm in length. There are 4-5 blue-green horizontal bands on the abdomen hence the common name: blue-banded bees. They collect nectar from flowers during the day and congregate on branches to rest at dusk. They use specialized mandibles to cling onto branches or aerial roots and retract their legs during sleep. As a matter of fact, these sleeping beauties are all males. They do not nest in a specific spot but wander in the field.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年9月3日攝於苗栗縣日南國小校園。使用Fujifilm X-Pro2，鏡頭為XF55-200毫米（加近攝鏡），使用Viltrox JY-620單顆閃燈及自製柔光罩拍攝。用Lightroom 裁切微調後製。

This image was captured on the campus of Rinan Elementary School in Miaoli County on September 3, 2016. Equipment included Fujifilm X-Pro-2, XF55-200mm lens (close-up lens), Viltrox JY-620 flash and homemade diffuser. Lightroom was used for cropping and editing.

拳打腳踢

Battle for Space

王露翊 許峰銓

鞋斑無墊蜂俗稱青條花蜂，雄蜂在傍晚時群聚在枝頭上休息，利用特化的大顎牢牢地將自己固定在枝頭上。秋日黃昏在綠島過山古道漫步，本來想在天黑前下山，不料途中巧遇這群青條花蜂，愈看愈有趣。枝幹長長一條，花蜂們卻硬要搶末端位置停棲。爭先恐後下，還大打出手、拳打腳踢，只為能有一夜好眠。

Male Amegilla calceifera bees congregate and rest on branches in the evening. They grasp the branch firmly using their specialized mandibles. One autumn day before sunset I was walking along the Cross Mountain Ancient Trail at dusk on Green Island. I planned to finish my hike before dark, but the interesting behavior of these bees stopped me. Although this branch is long with plenty of space, the bees were fighting for space on the branch tip. Rushing to be first and wrestling with one another, they each wanted to find a perfect spot for a good night’s sleep.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年10月5日黃昏攝於綠島過山古道。使用Nikon D7100+Nikon 105毫米微距鏡頭。進行裁切處理。

This image was captured at dusk along Green Island's Cross Mountain Ancient Trail on October 5, 2015. Nikon D7100 + Nikon 105mm macro lens were used. Photo cropping was carried out.

大澗黽若蟲與自己的漣漪

Water Strider and Ripples

康寧

大澗黽若蟲在水面快速移動時，會留下漣漪，使用微距鏡頭配合外置閃光燈，在1/320秒的高速閃光同步下，凝住了還在擴散的漣漪。這是對物種本身、行為和移動方式的科學記錄。

As a Metrocoris water strider quickly moves along the surface of the water, it creates ripples. A macro lens, complemented by external flash and 1/320 second high-speed flash synchronization, was used to obtain this image of expanding ripples. This is a scientific record of the behavior and movement of this species.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

拍攝於海南島鸚哥嶺自然保護區天然溪流中。使用Panasonic GX8+Olympus60毫米微距鏡頭+自製雙頭閃光燈，光圈：f/4.0，快門：1/320s（閃光同步），自動對焦，感光度：ISO 200。僅使用光影魔術手進行裁切和曝光調整。

This image was obtained in a natural stream in the Yinggeling Nature Reserve on Hainan Island. Equipment included Panasonic GX8 + Olympus 60mm macro lens + homemade twin-head flash, aperture: f/4.0, shutter speed: 1/320s (flash synchronization), auto focus, ISO 200. nEO iMAGING software was used for cropping and adjusting of exposure.

第三屆 佳作

第三屆 佳作

蚜獅

Aphid Lion

鄭立偉

蚜獅（草蛉的幼蟲）是昆蟲界的違章建築師。牠們將捕食到的獵物殘骸，連同撿拾碎片一起放在身上作偽裝，所以走起路來像搖搖晃晃的垃圾堆，但這就是一種防身術。如果沒有這些偽裝，就很容易暴露身份，招受天敵的攻擊，就連螞蟻都來欺負牠們，最後的下場就是成為螞蟻的大餐！

Aphid lions (or lacewing larvae) are like the illegal architects in the insect world. Wherever they go, they collect leftovers and the remains of prey and stash them on their back. When they walk they look like a staggering stack of garbage. But, this is how they defend themselves. Without this camouflage, they become easy targets for predators such as ants.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年9月6日。使用180毫米微距鏡頭（1:1）環型閃光燈、腳架、快門線。

Taken on September 6, 2015 with 180mm macro lens (1:1), ring flash, tripod and shutter release.

第三屆 佳作

偽裝

Camouflage

鐘云均

蓬萊棘螽蟴的體色花紋、胸背部和後足脛節都有葉片狀的突起。白天時隱藏在苔蘚間，與環境融為一體，想要發現牠真是困難重重。即使知道牠會取食苔蘚，但在嘗試多次之後，還是無法在白天破解牠的偽裝，可說是當之無愧的偽裝大師。

The color patterns and leaf-shaped protuberances on the tibia of its hind legs makes it difficult to spot Trachyzulpha formosana among moss and lichens in the daytime. This perfect camouflage allows this species to blend in with its food sources: moss and lichens. It is truly the master of camouflage.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2012年8月15日攝於新北市坪林。使用Nikon D5100、Micro105鏡頭+接寫環，ISO 200，快門：1/200s，光圈：f/8，閃光燈出力：1/4。

This image was taken in Pinglin on August 15, 2012 with Nikon D5100, Micro 105 lens + extension tube; ISO 200; shutter speed: 1/200s; aperture: f/8; flash output: 1/4.

第三屆 佳作

蛻變：蟋螽

Molting Cricket

鄭孟賢

夜晚對於多數動物是休息時間，但對於一些生物正是開始活躍的時刻，也是一些生物進行蛻變的最佳時刻。蟋螽也不例外，蛻變期間較為脆弱，在黑夜中進行可以減少一些危險的發生。蛻變中體色較原先來的淡，為了讓體色透顯出來，藉由一盞光源來強化透明處。蛻變過程需要1到2小時左右，結束後就是一隻蟋蟀與螽斯的結合體，真是有意思！

For many animals, nighttime signals rest. However, for nocturnal species that is when they are most active. It is also the best time for crickets to molt because they are most vulnerable during this process. Under the cover of darkness, there is less danger. During molting, the color of the body is lighter than usual. To depict the color more faithfully, a lamp was used. The molting process takes about one to two hours. After completion, it appears to be the combination of cricket and katydid, which is really fascinating!

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年4月4日晚間9點攝於臺北市外雙溪翠山步道。使用Canon EOS 50D，Canon EF，100毫米， f/2.8L，Macro IS USM，Canon Speedlite 580 EX Ⅱ Flash × 2，光圈：f/16，快門：1/160s，ISO 100。

This image was obtained along the Cuishan Trail of Waishuangxi in Taipei City at 9:00 pm on April 4, 2015. Equipment included Canon EOS 50D, Canon EF, 100mm, f/2.8L, Macro IS USM, Canon Speedlite 580 EX II Flash x 2, aperture: f/16, shutter speed:1/160s, ISO 100.

第三屆 佳作

生命的蛻變

Life Transformation

林欣怡

廣翅蠟蟬選擇在黑夜中羽化，可減少不速之客的打擾。若蟲時期尾部長有看似棉絮狀的蠟質物，像孔雀開屏般，藉以欺敵避免被捕食，不仔細看會誤以為是被打落的小白花或是發霉的植物。白色軀殼羽化後，個體較羽化前大，體色也逐漸變深，要不是並列在一起，很難想像是同一個體。這是一種不需經過整型手術，也不需曬黑的不可思議蛻變。

The broad-winged planthopper prefers to eclose under the cover of darkness to avoid unwanted attention. The nymph’s abdomen is covered with a waxy substance which looks like cotton balls. This camouflage may cause predators to mistake it as a white flower or moldy plant. After eclosion, the individual becomes much larger and darker in color. Without close observation, they don’t seem like the same individual. This is an incredible transformation.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年8月1日攝於臺北市富陽自然生態公園。使用Canon EOS Kiss X3。使用條件：快門1/200 s，光圈f/16，焦距100毫米，ISO 200，局部測光，自動對焦，使用閃光燈。未經任何修圖軟體修飾。

This image was taken in Fuyang Eco Park in Taipei City on August 1, 2015, using Canon EOS Kiss X3. Conditions: Shutter speed 1/200s, aperture f/16, focal distance 100mm, ISO 200, partial metering, auto focus, and flash. Post -procesing: N/A.

第三屆 佳作

青黑蠟蟬四態

Four Glimpses of Lycorma olivacea Planthopper

陳裕隆

青黑蠟蟬有四態：若蟲第1-3齡的體色為黑色，身上遍布白色斑點，到第4齡時，體色大部分轉變為橘紅色，足部仍維持黑白色。剛羽化為成蟲時，翅膀跟身體同樣為鮮豔的紅黑色，成熟時又轉變為青黑色，真是一隻奇妙多變的生物。由於早期缺乏對牠的研究，常把紅黑色翅的型態稱為紅翅蠟蟬；把藍黑翅的型態稱為藍翅蠟蟬，一種生物變成兩個物種。直到近幾年有較多的研究，終於確定不論紅翅或藍翅，都是同一種昆蟲，只因不同時態而造成顏色不同。一隻昆蟲的觀察，需要時間跟耐心來做紀錄，從若蟲到成蟲，需要經幾個月多次的拍照記錄才得以完成。核對圖鑑等參考資料時，如果發現有欠缺的情況，需要定點多次紀錄並觀察，將資料補足，才得以確認這隻昆蟲的生活史。

The four glimpses of Lycorma olivacea planthopper: In the 1st-3rd instars, the nymph is black with white spots. In the 4th instar, it is mostly reddish orange with white spots. Right after eclosion, it becomes red and black, while the adult is greenish black. Due to the early lack of research, the two forms were once treated as two distinct biological species. The red-black newly merged adult was named Lycorma meliae, while the greenish black mature adult was named Lycorma olivacea. Recently, it was confirmed that they are conspecific. Documenting the life cycle of an insect requires time and patience. Several months were needed along with numerous photographing and recording sessions. On top of that, I crosschecked references to identify the species and completed several field trips to verify its life history.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年6月至2016年5、6月，攝於臺中市霧峰區桐林。使用Sony A77 A7R微距鏡+閃光燈。

These images were obtained between June 2015 and May and June 2016 in the Tonglin area of Wufeng District in Taichung City. Equipment included Sony A77 A72 macro lens + flash unit.

臺灣爺蟬羽化

Eclosion of Formotosena seebohmi Cicada

蘇同新

臺灣爺蟬屬珍貴稀有的保育類物種，由於族群數量稀少，完整羽化紀錄並不常見。羽化依姿態的演替約略分為出土、定著、背裂、探頭、引體、翻正、抽身、展翅、晾翅與顯色等10個步驟，完成需要6至8小時。其中水藍色的成體，從對比強烈的黝黑蟬蛹蛻殼蹦出，尤令人感受到生命力的強韌。而翅膀與體色顯著的轉變，彷彿為離開地底飛向空中的嶄新生命，戲劇性地增添華麗的妝點。演化的強大與絕妙，在臺灣爺蟬的羽化過程中嶄露無遺。

The cicada Formotosena seebohmi is a rare and protected species in Taiwan. As its population is extremely small, its complete eclosion process has rarely been recorded. Eclosion involves settling into place and splitting open of the nymphal shell along the back. This is followed by emergence of the head and body, turning upright, and extension and drying of the wings. The entire process requires 6-8 hours. The aquamarine adult body is in stark contrast to the dark nymphal shell from which it emerged. This is a powerful testament to the vitality of life and a dramatic display. The power and remarkableness of evolution are revealed during eclosion.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年夏天拍攝於臺灣南部。使用Canon單眼相機與閃光燈全時記錄，僅由Raw轉成JPG檔案輸出。其中2張羽化中的個體皆為雄蟬，剛完成顯色而停棲在植物枝幹上的個體則為雌蟬。為求畫面能精準呈現羽化過程的重要姿態與細節，3張照片分屬3隻不同的個體，經2次拍攝才完成。

These images were obtained in southern Taiwan in the summer of 2016 using Canon single-lens reflex camera and flash without editing. The Raw file was transferred to JPG format and exported. The two images of eclosion are of males. The 3rd image is of a female that has just completed color development and is resting on a branch. To depict the eclosion process more accurately, these three images are of three different individuals obtained during two photography sessions.

第二屆 優選

紅腳黑翅蟬羽化體色變化

Eclosion of Scieroptera formosana

陳裕隆

紅腳黑翅蟬白天羽化的品種。紅色在自然界是警告色，剛羽化時全身紅，可以在白天羽化。以前紀錄大都在北部。中部從5月中至6月初不到一個月時間出現，其他時間不見蹤影。但北部6月才出現，時間比較長。屬於群居性昆蟲，通常很多隻聚在寄主植物上，雄蟲鳴叫聲音小。羽化時間為30分鐘至1小時，剛羽化個體翅膀和身體為白色，待翅膀完全伸展開始晾翅約1小 時，翅膀及身體由白轉黑，頭胸部為黑色，腹部及腳為紅色，此時具備飛行及交配能力。由於成蟲生命期短，完成變色之後會盡快交尾。奇特的羽化與體色轉變，著實令人驚嘆萬物之奇妙。

Scieroptera formosana is a cicada species that goes through eclosion during the day. In nature red is a warning color. Following eclosion, the whole body is red. In the past, this species was mostly recorded in northern Taiwan. Activity in the central part of Taiwan was limited to less than one month per year, from mid-May to early June. Activity in the northern parts of Taiwan lasted longer, but did not start until June. This is a gregarious species, which usually gathers in clusters on the host plant, with male chirping being low in volume. The entire process of eclosion takes from 30 minutes to an hour. At first, the wings and the body are white. The expansion and drying of the wings take about an hour. The wings and body then gradually turn from white to black with the head and thoraces black and abdomen and legs red. At this stage, the Scieroptera formosana cicada is capable of flying and mating. Since its lifespan is short, it will mate right after the completion of its color change. The whole process of eclosion is truly a sight to behold.

第二屆

成年組

優 選

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2014年5月攝於潭子後山。使用Sony SLT-A77V。1/60、f/7.1、閃光燈、ISO 400、焦距90毫米。雖然白天羽化但都在陰暗樹蔭底下，光線不足需要閃燈補光以取得清晰影像，發現地點在邊坡下方斜坡，需要攀爬才得以親近，牠們相當怕人，現場蚊子超多，耐心等候是必須的。

Taken in the mountains of Tanzi in May 2014. Equipment and settings included Sony SLT-A77V,1/60, f/7.1, flash, ISO 400 and focal distance of 90mm. Although these cicadas go through eclosion during the day, it is usually under the shade of trees. As the natural light was insufficient, flash equipment was used to achieve a clearer picture. As the location was on a slope, some climbing had to be done to get close to the subject. Patience was needed as they are extremely wary of humans and there were many mosquitoes at the site.

粗鉤春蜓羽化

Eclosion of Ictinogomphus rapax Dragonfly

蘇同新

人潮熙攘的高鐵站旁，水池裡的粗鉤春蜓趁著日暮悄悄羽化。對比下方黑色水蠆，新生身軀大的不成比例。粗鉤喜歡在葉面羽化，與一般蜻蜓慣常在池壁或枝條的習性不同，少了重力幫助，翅膀與腹部展延全靠體內液壓撐起。微皺的翅膀末端呈迷人卻含蓄的桃紅，腹部延伸完成後會排除體液，接著展翅晾乾等候日出飛翔。人潮依舊，再平凡不過的日常，卻沒人發現粗鉤春蜓正經歷一場關鍵的轉變，彷彿毫無交集卻完全重疊的兩個世界，值得停下腳步佇足欣賞。

This common club-tail dragonfly (Ictinogomphus rapax) is seen eclosing at a pond next to a busy high-speed rail station at the end of a day. In comparison to the black nymphal shell below, its new body is disproportionately large. This species prefers to eclose on leaf surfaces, while most dragonflies prefer pond walls or branches. Without the help of gravity, this insect uses internal hydraulic pressure to extend its wings and abdomen. Once the abdomen has been extended, and excess fluid excreted, the pinkish wrinkled wings need to dry overnight before it can take off. No one but me discovered this dragonfly undergoing transformation. It is worth it to slow down and appreciate what is around us.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年夏天攝於高鐵站蓮花池。使用Canon單眼相機、微距鏡頭與閃光燈於夜間紀錄。移動造成的水面搖晃，可能導致粗鉤春蜓不慎掉落水中，因此拍攝過程須多加留意，避免造成干擾。

This image was taken in a lotus pond outside a high speed rail station in the summer of 2016. Equipment for nighttime recording included Canon single-lens reflex camera, macro lens and flash unit. Any movement on my part could cause ripples or the dragonfly to fall off. Therefore, I was very cautious while photographing.

第三屆 佳作

蠅的饗宴

Fly Banquet

黃千育

一般人對雙翅目昆蟲的印象，是蚊蠅之類的害蟲，其實這群種類繁多的昆蟲，有各式各樣的食性，及相對應五花八門的口器構造。大琉璃食蟲虻擅長在空中追捕昆蟲，以尖利的口喙將消化液注入獵物體內，吸食分解後的體液；艷細蠅以舐吮式口器取食腐酵的落果；柄眼蠅則在姑婆芋葉面上舔食鳥類的排泄物。

In general, humans treat Diptera (flies) as pests. However, this group exhibits diverse feeding habits and specialized mouthparts. Microstylum oberthiiri robber fly is adept at hunting prey. It uses its sharp proboscis to inject digestive saliva into its prey and then sucks up the fluid following the decomposition of its tissues. The black scavenger fly has specialized mouthparts for sucking the sap from fallen fruit. A stalk-eyed fly feeds on bird excrement on the leaf of a giant upright elephant ear plant.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

圖1. 2016年7月23日上午攝於嘉義市蘭潭健行步道。圖2-3. 2016年8月31日上午攝於臺北市富陽自然生態公園。使用Sony NEX-6 Nikon AF Micro Nikkor，60毫米，f/2.8D，Kenko Extension Tube 36毫米，搭配自製柔光板。

Image 1: Taken along the Lantan Trail in Chiayi City on the morning of July 23, 2016. Images 2-3: Taken in the Fuyang Eco Park in Taipei City on the morning of August 31, 2016. Equipment included Sony NEX-6 Nikon AF Micro Nikkor, 60mm, f/2.8D, Kenko Extension Tube 36mm, and homemade diffuser.

食蟲虻，牠是食蟲還是吸食蟲？

Is This Robber Fly Eating or Sucking Its Prey?

陳鴻生

食蟲虻成蟲出現於春秋兩季，主要生活於低海拔、山區或公園，草叢、樹叢等環境均有牠的蹤跡。屬於肉食性昆蟲，有群聚現象，喜歡棲息於枝頭或葉梢，飛行技術高超。能瞬間起飛又迅速降落在枝頭上進食，是昆蟲世界的「黑幫殺手」。其喙短且強壯，用來刺穿獵物身體，並注入含有毒性和蛋白水解酶的唾液，使獵物內部麻痹，再透過長嘴吮吸體液，將獵物吸乾。成年食蟲虻並不挑食，抓得到的都會「吸食」殆盡，獵捕的昆蟲種類五花八門，甚至體型比牠大的昆蟲也慘遭毒手。活動模式易受溫度和天候影響，若溫度下降或即將變天，牠會變得敏感不易靠近。透過超微距鏡觀察，就會發現在「黑幫殺手」的外衣下，牠的肢體動作也有可愛逗趣的一面。

Robber flies emerge in spring and fall. They are mostly found among underbrush and groves in lowlands. They prefer to rest on the ends of branches or the tips of leaves, and have superb flying skills. They are able to take off swiftly and land on the tip of a branch. Adult robber flies are not picky; they feed on whatever insects they can find regardless of size. They have a short but strong proboscis, which is used to stab prey and inject toxic saliva containing proteolytic enzymes. They then suck the fluid from the prey until it is dry. They show clustering behavior, but their activity is modulated by the weather. If the temperature drops markedly, they become sensitive and not easy to approach. Through a super macro lens, we can observe the movements of this insect.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年9月攝於臺中市豐原區葫蘆墩公園。使用Nikon D5500相機+AFS-55-200鏡頭，加上DCR-250微距鏡、閃光燈再加上自製柔光照與補光板。先拍成RAW檔，再用Nikon轉檔軟體轉成TIFF檔，再以Lightroom，Photoshop調整輸出。

圖1. 9月7日拍攝。快門：1/200 s，光圈：f/20，焦距：120毫米，ISO 200。

圖2. 9月10日拍攝。快門：1/200 s，光圈：f/20ㄒ焦距：116毫米，ISO 200。

圖3. 9月16日拍攝。快門：1/200 s，光圈：f/22，焦距：125毫米，ISO 200。

These images were taken in Huludun Park in Fengyuan District of Taichung City in September 2016. Equipment included Nikon D5500 camera + AFS-55-200 lens, as well as DCR-250 macro lens, flash unit with homemade diffuser and reflector disc. Images were obtained in RAW files and transferred to TIFF format using Nikon software. Then, Lightroom and Photoshop were used for editing and export.

Image 1: Taken on September 7. Shutter speed: 1/200 s, aperture: f/20; focal distance: 120mm; ISO 200.

Image 2: Taken on September 10. Shutter speed: 1/200 s, aperture: f/20; focal distance: 116mm; ISO 200.

Image 3: Taken on September 16. Shutter speed: 1/200 s, aperture: f/22; focal distance: 125mm; ISO 200.

第三屆 佳作

捕食中的食蟲虻

Robber Fly in Hunting Mode

呂明俊

食蟲虻是肉食性昆蟲，捕食時會利用其強有力的腳抱抓住獵物，再利用其銳利短喙刺穿獵物，注入含有毒性和蛋白水解酶唾液，再吮吸獵物的體液。透過照片紀錄來完整呈現食蟲虻捕食的細部過程。

Robber flies are predatory insects. They grab their prey with their strong and powerful legs. Then they use sharp and short proboscis to penetrate the body of their prey and inject toxic saliva that contains proteolytic enzymes. Finally, they suck the fluid from the prey. These images present a complete record of predation by the robber fly.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

圖1. 2016年7月3日攝於臺中市豐原區葫蘆墩公園。使用Sony A77II相機+100-200毫米鏡頭+近攝鏡+閃光燈，F/18，1/250s，ISO 160。食蟲虻的口喙粗短。

圖2. 2016年9月21日攝於臺中市豐原區葫蘆墩公園。使用Canon760D相機+55-250毫米鏡頭+近攝鏡+閃光燈，F/18，1/250s，ISO 100。食蟲虻抓到獵物後注入毒液麻痹獵物，獵物身上的氣泡即注入毒液所產生。

圖3. 2016年9月8日攝於臺中市豐原區葫蘆墩公園。使用Sony A77II相機+100-200毫米鏡頭+近攝鏡+閃光燈，F/18，1/250s，ISO 200。食蟲虻正吸取獵物液體。

Image 1: Taken in Huludun Park, Fengyuan District, Taichung City on July 3, 2016. Equipment included Sony A77II camera + 100-200mm lens + close-up lens + flash unit, F/18, 1/250s, ISO 160. The robber fly in frontal view showing its needle-like proboscis.

Image 2: Taken in Huludun Park, Fengyuan District, Taichung City on September 21, 2016. Equipment included Canon 760D camera + 55-250mm lens + close-up lens + flash unit, F/18, 1/250s, ISO 100. After catching its prey, the robber fly injects it with salivary toxin to paralyze it. The bubbles on the prey are the result of the injection of the toxin.

Image 3: Taken in Huludun Park, Fengyuan District, Taichung City on September 8, 2016. Equipment included Sony A77II camera + 100-200mm lens + close-up lens + flash unit, F/18, 1/250s, ISO 200. The robber fly is sucking up fluid from the prey.

第三屆 佳作

鐵漢的秘密

The Secrets of a Superhero

林淑英

牠在飛行嗎？是也不是，若沒有與之周旋、跟拍數小時，也無法探得這鐵漢的秘密。孤傲的食蟲虻雄蟲遇見喜愛的佳人時，為討得佳人歡心，會收起平時獵殺獵物的兇狠模樣，為雌蟲跳一支舞。奮力且快速地拍著翅膀，其羽翼與身體的尾部會形成一條完美的弧線；胸部的腳收屈著，後腿也儘量的往後擺，以最完美姿態在佳人面前逡巡，跳出一生最美麗的舞步。

Is this insect flying? Yes and no. By observing and photographing the robber fly, I was able to find out its secrets. When encountering a potential mate, the aloof and aggressive male changes its behavior to attract the female. It rapidly flaps its wings and forms its body into a perfect curve. The front and mid legs are retracted, while the hind legs are extended outward to create this beautiful dance pose.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年6月5日攝於南投縣集集鎮特有生物保育中心。使用Nikon D810 單眼相機加微距鏡及閃燈。直接拍攝無合成，色調調整。

This image was photographed at the Endemic Species Research Institute in Jiji, Nantou County on June 5, 2016. Equipment included Nikon D810 single-lens reflex camera, macro lens and flash unit. Post-processing: N/A.

第三屆 佳作

斷了腳也要在一起

Till Death Do Us Part

林淑英

微腳蠅為低海拔常見的昆蟲種類，腳上的跗節為白色，如穿白襪或戴著白手套般，令人印象深刻。交尾時雄蟲通常在上，以前腳跗節攀搭在雌蟲的肩上。但受傷的雄蟲，是否會放棄繁衍後代的神聖任務？不會的，就算斷了前腳，雄蟲依然會負起重任，努力地與雌蟲在一起。

Micropezid flies are common in lowland areas. Their tarsi are white, resembling socks or gloves. During mating, the male is usually on top with its front leg tarsi on the thorax of the female. Will this injured male give up on its sacred mission of reproduction? The answer is no. Even with a broken front leg, this male must fulfill its reproductive responsibility.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2007年5月5日攝於雲林縣古坑鄉華山文學步道。使用Nikon D80 單眼相機+微距鏡。直接拍攝無合成，色調調整。

This image was taken along the Huashan Literature Trail in Gukeng Township of Yunlin County on May 5, 2007, using a Nikon D80 single-lens reflex camera + macro lens. Post-processing: N/A.

第三屆 佳作

生存法則

Survival Rules

王露翊 許峰銓

螞蟻是世界上數量最多的昆蟲，也是典型的真社會性昆蟲。在一般人的眼光中是多麼微不足道，但其實牠們有很多有趣的行為。工蟻平常除了要出去尋找食物外，還必須要維護巢內的清潔。若巢內有垃圾、屍體或病原感染的個體，可是會影響到整個族群的健康！照片中是黑棘山蟻的工蟻，正用大顎拖著比自己體型還要大的雄蟻屍體到巢外丟棄。看似殘忍的行為，卻是維護巢內衛生的日常工作。

Ants are the most abundant insects in the world. They are also eusocial insects. To most people, ants are small and insignificant. But, they have many interesting behaviors. For example, worker ants have to search for food, and maintain the cleanliness and health of the colony. If there is waste, or dead or pathogen-infected individuals, this could harm the entire colony. In this photo, a worker weaver ant is seen dragging a body of male, which is larger in size, out of the nest with its mandibles. Although this seems quite cruel, it is routine in maintaining the hygiene of the nest.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年2月10日攝於苗栗縣獅潭。使用Nikon D7100與Nikon 105毫米微距鏡頭。

Taken at Shitan in Miaoli County on February 10, 2016. Nikon D7100, with Nikon 105mm macro lens, was used.

第三屆 佳作

連夜搬家的臭巨山蟻

Ant Colony Moving at Night

范姜俊承

螞蟻是典型的真社會性昆蟲，整個族群以費洛蒙（化學氣味分子）作為主要溝通的方法。過去我們都認為，蟻后所分泌的費洛蒙能主導整巢工蟻的行為，但近年來科學家發現，幼蟲所分泌的費洛蒙才是主導整巢工蟻行為的主因。幼蟲在飢餓時能分泌費洛蒙吸引工蟻前來餵食；在脫皮時則能吸引工蟻前來協助；在環境不良時更可影響整個巢進行搬家的動作。畫面中的臭巨山蟻正連夜搬運幼蟲們到新家。

Ants are typical eusocial insects. A colony communicates through pheromones (odor molecules). We used to believe that the pheromones from the queen directed the actions of the workers. Lately, scientists have discovered that it is the pheromones secreted by the larvae that affect worker ant behavior. When larvae are in a state of hunger, they release pheromones to which worker ants respond by feeding them. During molting, they attract the worker ants to provide assistance. When the environment is not ideal, they can influence the entire colony to move. In this image, a colony of Camponotus habereri is in the process of moving larvae to their new home at night.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2011年3月29日攝於臺中市和平區八仙山森林遊樂區。使用Olympus E-3數位單眼相機、鏡頭為Nikkor 55毫米， f/2.8 MicroAI-s拍攝RAW檔。經由軟體調整曝光量與銳利化。夜間觀察時拿著手電筒尋找有趣的拍攝主題，在園區的石壁上看到這群臭巨山蟻正在搬運幼蟲，有趣的是，當手電筒的光照在螞蟻身上，螞蟻們會彷彿在玩123木頭人一樣全部停止動作，而光熄滅後則會繼續搬運。

This image was taken with an Olympus E-3 digital single-lens reflex camera and Nikkor 55mm f/2.8 MicroAI-s in the Baxianshan Forest Recreation Area in Heping District of Taichung City on March 29, 2011. The RAW file was edited with post editing software to adjust exposure and increase sharpness. A flashlight was used during my observation at night. Along a stone wall, I saw this colony moving larvae. When they sensed the light, they stopped, but as soon as the flashlight was turned off, they continued moving. That was fascinating.

第三屆 佳作

螞蟻的牧場

Ant Farm

劉政宜

我們常將螞蟻比喻成牧場的主人，蚜蟲、角蟬等則是牠們飼養的乳牛。自然界中，每種生物都有其生存法則與抵禦天敵的方法，蚜蟲、角蟬與螞蟻形成共榮共利的共生關係。透過微距鏡頭的觀察，螞蟻會用觸鬚輕輕拍打蚜蟲和角蟬，蚜蟲和角蟬受到刺激會分泌蜜露供螞蟻食用。然而螞蟻可不是白吃白喝的，必須擔負起保衛的任務，對抗外來的侵略者並進行驅趕。

The relationship between ants and a community of aphids and treehoppers is just like that of a farmer and his cows. In Nature, each species has its survival strategies for warding off predators. Aphids, treehoppers and ants form a symbiotic system. As observed through a macro lens, an ant uses its antennae to gently pat aphids and treehoppers. When aphids and treehoppers receive this type of stimulation they secrete honeydew, which the ants feed on. In return, the ants provide protection against predators.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

自然界中螞蟻四處可見，3張照片都是在公園拍攝。使用Fujifilm X-Pro2 + Fujifilm X-T1，鏡頭為XF55-200毫米（加近攝鏡）+ Zeiss Touit 2.8/50M，單顆閃燈及自製柔光罩拍攝，以Lightroom 裁切微調後製。

Ants are commonly seen in the natural world. All three of these images were taken in a park using Fujifilm X-Pro2 + Fujifilm X-T1 with XF55-200mm (close-up lens) + Zeiss Touit 2.8/50M with flash and homemade diffuser. Lightroom was used for cropping and fine tuning.

第三屆 佳作

胎生的白尾紅蚜

Viviparous Aphid (Uroleucon formosanum)

林宗彥

一般我們印象中的昆蟲大多是卵生，然後經過數次蛻皮後變態為成蟲。白尾紅蚜雖然常見，生殖行為卻很不一樣，可以孤雌生殖，而且是胎生。照片為白尾紅蚜正在生小寶寶，整隻小紅蚜直接從媽媽肚子裡生出來，樣子跟成蟲沒有太大差別。

Most insects are oviparous which means they lay eggs. After molting several times, the immature insects undergo metamorphosis and emerge as adults. Although the aphid Uroleucon formosanum is common, it has a very different reproductive strategy. It is a parthenogenetic and viviparous insect, which means that a female can reproduce female offspring by giving birth to immature individuals directly, such as in this image. There is no large difference in external appearance between the immature insects and adult.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年4月9日攝於臺中市大坑。使用Sony A6300，鏡頭FE 90毫米，f/2.8 MACRO G OSS，閃燈YN460-II。以一般微距紀錄方式搭配自製柔光罩，RAW檔用Lightroom微調亮度和對比，以求畫面清晰協調。

This image was obtained in the Dakeng area of Taichung on April 9, 2016 using Sony A6300 with FE 90mm lens; F/2.8 MACRO G OSS; flash YN460-II. Conventional macro recording methods were used and complemented with a homemade diffuser. Lightroom was used to fine-tune the brightness, contrast, and sharpness of the RAW file.

第三屆 佳作

第二次生日快樂

Happy Second Birthday

李欣容

從破蛹而出開始，直到整隻成蟲脫離蛹，整個羽化過程耗時90分鐘。外號淑女蟲的小十三星瓢蟲，小巧又可愛，不但受到大小朋友的喜愛，還能去除小型害蟲。對有機農夫而言，是最棒的小幫手，減省害蟲防治成本的大功臣。少了農藥的噴灑，對環境和人類健康的貢獻不小啊！

The eclosion of ladybug Harmonia dimidiata takes about 90 minutes. Ladybugs are petite and cute. They are adored by children and adults, as well as farmers, because their larvae feed on small insects that are agricultural pests. With the help of ladybugs, biological methods can be used to control pest populations and reduce the use of pesticides.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年9月26日拍攝於臺中市大坑山區。使用Nikon D7100搭配Nikon 105微距鏡頭，另加Nikon SB900閃燈拍攝。為了讓畫面多些美感，使用Photoshop清除葉面上的髒點與光斑。於近三號登山步道入口處路邊的雜草叢生處，發現了小十三星瓢蟲的蛹，研判應該即將羽化。正午時分，頂著32度的高溫，獨自站在豔陽下等半小時，果真羽化了。因位置低矮，又有風吹，這小可愛又是如此之小，於是蹲趴在地面上穩住按著快門的手，以免因風吹失焦。從12點18分開始羽化，直到14點28分離開蛹成為獨立個體，共花2個小時又10分鐘，全程記錄這感動的時刻。迎接小生命到來的喜悅，取代了一身汗的不適感。拍得很辛苦，內心卻無比感動與快樂。

These images were obtained in Dakeng, a hilly area of Taichung City on September 26 2015, Equipment included Nikon D7100 with Nikon 105 macro lens and Nikon SB900 flash unit. Photoshop was used to eliminate dirt and light spots from the leaf surface. In an area of tall grass near the entrance to hiking trail No. 3, I discovered this individual and determined that it was eclosing. It was high noon and the temperature was 32°C. I stood under the bright sun and waited for half an hour. Just as expected, it underwent eclosion. As it was low to the ground and there was a breeze, I squatted down and steadied myself. Eclosion began at 12:18 pm and an adult emerged at 2:48 pm. The whole process took 2 hours and 10 minutes. The thrill of seeing this new life unfold was worth the discomfort of sweating under the hot sun. It was a difficult photo shoot but I was deeply moved and very gratified.

食物鏈

Food Chain

范又方

蚜蟲和螞蟻有著共生的關係，蚜蟲分泌蜜露給螞蟻，而當有天敵侵擾時，螞蟻則負起保護蚜蟲的責任。圖中一隻食蚜蠅幼蟲正在捕食蚜蟲，螞蟻勢單力薄，只能束手無策地待在一旁。但食蚜蠅幼蟲絲毫沒有發現自己也身陷危機之中，最後難逃螳螂的魔掌。展現出自然界弱肉強食與奇妙的共生關係。

Aphids and ants have a symbiotic relationship. Aphids secrete honeydew to feed ants while ants protect aphids. In these images, a dramatic scenario is unfolding: a syrphid larva is preying on an aphid. An ant, instead of performing its duty, stands and observes. A praying mantis is nearby and eventually snatches the syrphid larva. These images demonstrate the law of survival of the fittest in the natural world, as well as intriguing symbiotic relationships.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年8月6日攝於新竹縣峨嵋鄉。使用Nikon D7100，鏡頭為Tamron 35毫米，f/1.8，SB600+柔光罩。先拍下螳螂虎視眈眈的樣子，然後耐心等待捕食的畫面。補光以內閃控制SB600，從相機側面將主角的細節呈現出來。後製用Lightroom稍微調整色溫。

These images were obtained in Emei Township of Hsinchu County on August 6, 2016 using Nikon D7100, Tamron 35mm, f/1.8, SB600 + diffuser. The hostile pose of the praying mantis was first photographed. Then, after a long wait, it was photographed capturing its prey. SB600 speedlight flash was used for added illumination..The actors all played their roles well for the camera. Finally, Lightroom was used to fine tune color temperature.

捉迷藏

Hide-and-Seek

范又方

一隻螳螂若蟲在葉間穿梭，當牠停下來緊盯遠方時，有隻黃盾背椿悄悄躲藏在葉子下。掠食者（螳螂）與獵物（椿象）身處同一片葉子，一個正大步行走，一個則默默停棲，截然不同的氛圍形成有趣的對比。

A praying mantis nymph shuttles among the leaves. It stops on top of one leaf and gazes fixedly into the distance. A shield bug is hiding under the same leaf. The predator (praying mantis) and the prey (shield bug) are on the same leaf. One is moving with large strides and the other is quiet and motionless. Their different behaviors create a tense yet interesting contrast.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年5月6日攝於新竹縣峨眉鄉。使用Nikon D7100，鏡頭為Nikkor 18-55毫米，f/3.5-5.6G VR。自然光拍攝。以Lightroom提高暗部曝光，使位於暗處的黃盾背椿清晰可見，並稍微提高飽和和對比。

This image was obtained in Emei Township of Hsinchu County on May 6, 2016 using Nikon D7100, Nikkor 18-55mm, f/3.5-5.6G VR under natural light. Lightroom was used to increase exposure in dark areas to allow the shield bug to be clearly seen, as well as to slightly elevate saturation and contrast.

剖析殺手

Anatomy of a Praying Mantis

廖啟淳

去除六足的寬腹螳螂雌蟲消化道解剖圖。昆蟲消化道分為取入食物的前腸、消化食物的中腸和營養吸收代謝的後腸。不同種的昆蟲，其內部構造也有各種變化。肉食性的螳螂會將獵物咬碎並吞入，獵物有時體型大且無法隨時獲得食物，可藉由發達的前腸儲存攝入的大量食物。圖由左而右分別為細長的食道、球狀膨大的嗉囊、不發達的中後腸，腹部末端黃色成對的是卵巢、藍色管狀的生殖副腺和白色球狀的受精囊，周圍則是散落的肌肉及脂肪組織。

This is the digestive system of a female praying mantis (Hierodula patellifera). The alimentary canal consists of the foregut (food intake), midgut (digestion of food) and hindgut (absorption and metabolism of nutrients) with variations in the internal structures among different species. The carnivorous praying mantis breaks up its prey into pieces before swallowing it. Some of the pieces may be stored in the foregut. From left to right are the long esophagus, inflated sphere-shaped crop, and the undeveloped midgut and hindgut. At the end of the abdomen are yellow ovaries, blue tube-shaped reproductive accessory glands and white spherical spermatheca. These organs are surrounded by muscle and fatty tissue.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年1月於研究室。將剛死亡的螳螂放入水中解剖，調整組織器官位置，置於黑色背景，以Olympus EM5數位相機閃光燈拍攝，RAW檔調整明暗、對比及銳度後輸出。寬腹斧螳雌成蟲的消化道，包括：食道、可暫時儲存吃進的食物嗉囊。卵巢中一根一根的是微卵管，白色小小的會發育為成熟卵的卵母細胞。馬氏管為白色細管，位於後腸（吸收功能）可代謝廢物，是昆蟲的腎。受精囊則保存交配後接收的精子。生殖副腺為藍色管狀，分泌跟卵有關的物質，像是螳螂的卵鞘。

This image was taken in a laboratory in January 2016. A fresh-killed praying mantis was dissected. The positions of the tissues and organs were adjusted and photographed with Olympus EM5 digital camera and flash against a black background. After adjustment of light and dark contrast and sharpness, the RAW file was exported. This image is of the alimentary tract of an adult female Hierodula patellifera, including esophagus and crop, which can be used to store food temporarily. Within each ovary are ovarioles and oocytes (which develop into mature ova). Slender, white Malpighian tubules, located at the hindgut (which has absorptive function), serve similar function to kidneys, namely metabolism of waste material. The spermatheca stores sperm following copulation. The blue, tube-shaped accessory glands secrete substances related to the ova, for example egg case.

第三屆 佳作

來玩球吧

Let's Play Ball

黃千育

一隻毛垛兜跳蛛的微小若蛛，正銜著一粒蟲卵，頭胸部轉向鏡頭用單眼打量著，看起來有如叼著球望向主人，以眼神示意邀請主人陪牠一起戲玩的小狗。跳蛛視力優秀，不結網並仰賴視覺捕捉獵物。發達的前中眼會反射相機的閃燈，眼睛中明亮的部分是所謂的「眼神光」，投影出相機光源的形狀。

A Ptocasius jumping spider is holding an insect egg. Its cephalothorax is pointed toward the lens. Its expression appears like that of a puppy looking up at its master, and hoping to play. Jumping spiders have excellent vision. They do not spin webs, but rather use their sense of sight to capture prey. The well-developed anterolateral eyes reflect the flash of the camera. The brightness of the eyes is referred to as "catch light", and is a projection of the camera's light source.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年8月21日上午攝於臺北市富陽自然生態公園。使用Sony NEX-6 Nikon AF Micro Nikkor 60毫米，f/2.8D，Kenko Extension Tube 36毫米，搭配自製柔光板。

This image was captured in Fuyang Eco Park in Taipei City on August 21, using Sony NEX-6 Nikon AF Micro Nikkor 60mm, f/2.8D, and Kenko extension tube 36mm, complemented with a homemade soft light reflector.

第三屆 佳作

以小欺大

The Weak Preys on the Strong

林欣怡

在動物的世界裡，弱肉強食、適者生存的戲碼不斷在上演。蜘蛛就是捕食昆蟲的翹楚，有些靠著結網等待獵物自己送上門，但也有蜘蛛靠著敏銳的動作伏擊獵捕。一旦捕獲獵物後，用毒腺分泌毒液制伏，簡單將獵物變成囊中物。獵捕對象的體型可能比蜘蛛大上好幾倍，是名符其實的以小欺大。

In the animal world, the weak becomes the prey of the strong. Only the fittest survive. Spiders are very adept at preying on insects. Some spiders spin a web and wait for their prey to come to them. Some make use of stealthy and quick movement to capture their prey. As soon as they capture their prey, they secrete poison from their poison glands to subdue it. In some cases, the prey may be many times larger than the spider. This is the idea behind the title given to this image.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年4月30日攝於臺中市情人谷莊園。使用Canon EOS 70D ，條件：光圈：f/11，曝光時間：1/125s，ISO 400，焦距：100毫米。測光模式：分區測光，手動對焦，使用閃光燈。相機直接輸出。

This image was photographed on April 30, 2016 at Taichung Lovers' Gorge Village with a Canon EOS 70D. Conditions: Aperture f/11; exposure time: 1/125s, ISO 400, focal distance 100mm. Metering mode: multi zone metering, manual focus, flash. Post-processing: N/A.

第二屆 佳作

雙蛛搶蛛

Two Spiders Fighting Over a Spider

劉人豪 周琳晨

靠近頂端的三角蟹蛛，平常在花叢中擬態，等待前來訪花的昆蟲大餐。在中間被吸食的苦主肩斑銀腹蛛，則是以織網等待獵物的蜘蛛。最下方的孔蛛，是蠅虎科裡專吃蜘蛛的蜘蛛，屬於遊獵型蜘蛛。推測肩斑銀腹蛛的網子被破壞，移動到植物上尋找掩蔽，卻被守株待兔的三角蟹蛛抓來祭五臟廟，這時遊獵型的孔蛛經過，發現垂手可得的美食，也加入吃飯的行列。看這「雙蛛搶蛛」畫面，您有什麼劇本？

The spider on the top is Thomiscus labefactus. It is usually camouflaged in flowers ready to pounce on unsuspecting insects. The victim spider in the middle is Leucage blanda, which usually catches its prey in a web. The remaining spider is Portia labiata, which belongs to the family Salticidae. It specializes in dining on other spiders. Suspecting that its web has been damaged, Leucage blanda retreats into the plant for security but unwittingly falls victim to Thomiscus labefactus. At this moment, a passing Portia labiata spots a meal opportunity and thus a tug of war begins. By looking at this image of “spiders fighting over a spider”, what script would you come up with?

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2014年7月攝於臺東縣達仁鄉的達仁林場環山林道路旁。以Nikon D7000加100毫米、f/2.8，在自然光的狀態下利用Phottix閃光燈補光以手動對焦拍攝。f/16，1/320，ISO 400，白平衡4170K，閃光燈強度1/1。連續拍攝了3張RAW檔後挑出一張。以Photoshop清晰度+10明部拉亮+26 暗部拉亮+40整體亮度+18。

Taken along the roadside in the Daren Experimental Forest Station in Daren Township, Taitung County in July 2014. Equipment included Nikon D7000 with 100mm f/2.8 lens. Manual focus and Phottix flash were used to further enhance the image under natural light conditions. Settings included f/16, 1/320, ISO 400, white balance 4170K, intensity of flash 1/1. One photograph was chosen from among the three RAW setting photos. Then, using Photoshop, the photograph was adjusted for clarity +10, brightening of lighted area +26, brightening of darkened area +40 and overall adjustment of brightness +18.

動物的拼圖

Animal Puzzles

蝸居

Snail's Home

曾愛萍

在大地回春的季節裡，露珠還沾在灌木叢嬌嫩的葉子上，正值上午9時許，陽光透過樹葉，照在一隻可愛的小蝸牛上。光陰之間，小蝸牛正在慢慢地尋找著自己的美味。捲曲的葉子，圓圓的蝸牛，亮閃閃的露珠，完美地呈現了大自然之美。

As Spring returns to the earth, dewdrops moisten the young and delicate leaves on this shrub. At just around 9:00 in the morning, the sun's rays shine through the leaves, illuminating a cute snail. In between the light and shadow, this snail is slowly searching for sustenance. This round snail, the curled leaves and the sparkling dewdrops all present the beauty of Nature.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年3月27日攝於湖南省懷化市舞水河邊，使用Canon 5DⅢ相機和百微鏡頭。早晨9點初升的太陽，射進河邊的灌木叢中，將葉子上的露珠照得閃閃發亮。正在河邊草間尋找拍攝物時，突然發現一隻可愛的小蝸牛，慢慢地在葉子間爬著，身後還留下被牠吃殘的葉片。捲曲的葉子、圓圓的蝸牛、逆射的晨光、透亮的葉脈、閃亮的露珠，一切都是那麼完美。於是用f/13光圈優先模式，逆著陽光，將此美景拍了下來，取名為「蝸居」。後期只簡單的壓暗提亮，並裁剪成方片。

This image was taken next to the Wushui River in Huaibei City of China's Hunan Province on March 27, 2016. A Canon 5DIII camera with 100mm macro lens was used. It was around 9:00 am and the rays of the sun were shining on the shrubs causing the dewdrops to sparkle and glisten. I was looking for subjects to photograph among the grass. Suddenly, I discovered a cute little snail slowly moving along a leaf. It left behind fragments of the leaf it had been feeding on. The curled leaves, round snail, sun's rays penetrating the leaf blades and glittering dewdrops created a perfect scene. In addition, f/13 aperture priority mode and natural back lighting were applied to achieve this image, which I call "Snail's Home". Post editing included increasing light and reducing darkness, as well as cropping to form a square image.

舞動蛭愛

The Dance of the Leeches

楊維晟

原始熱帶雨林潮溼多雨，野生動物密度高，水蛭一直是野生動物及探險者揮之不去的陰影，吸血鬼的形象讓牠們不受歡迎。雌雄同體的水蛭為行異體交配的環節動物，難得有機會見到兩隻婆羅洲虎斑水蛭，正進行交配前的求偶儀式，好似綠色舞臺上的雙人舞蹈；雙方身體前端交纏且有韻律地搖擺著。身軀柔軟且延展性高，正是水蛭黏附動物所需的本領。

Tropical rainforests have characteristically high humidity and rainfall and contain the largest diversity of species. Leeches have long been a nuisance to both wild animals and explorers alike. Their vampire-like image makes them extremely unpopular. Leeches are hermaphrodite annelids. I happened to come upon two tiger leeches in the process of courtship. Like a duet they danced on a green stage, with the anterior parts of their bodies intertwining and swaying rhythmically. Their distinct soft and extendable body gives them the ability to attach themselves to other animals.

第二屆 優選

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2007年6月攝於馬來西亞沙巴的丹濃谷自然保護區。使用Nikon單眼數位相機、兩盞閃光燈作光源。

Taken at Malaysia’s Sabah Danum Valley Conservation Area in June 2007, using a Nikon DSLR and two flash units.

優選

五色鳥表演舌上功夫

Skillful Use of the Tongue by Muller's Barbet

顏佑安　顏子謙　顏佑丞　蔡岱玲

我是住在都會公園的五色鳥。說起我的舌上功夫，可是前無古人，後無來者。清晨，我哼著愉快的樂音，尋找今天的食物，好好飽餐一頓。飽滿的果實，填滿我的肚皮，撫慰我的心靈。吃飽喝足的我，好開心，就把果實當玩具，轉轉它，練練舌上功夫吧！瞧瞧我，是不是俏皮又美麗呢！

I am a Muller's barbet (Psilopogon nuchalis) living in Taichung Metropolitan Park. There is no other bird better skilled in the use of the tongue. At dawn, I sing a happy tune as I forage for food. After I have filled up on fruits, I feel very happy. That is when I start to play with the fruits, turning them and turning them as I practice using my tongue. Look at me! Don't I look beautiful?

第三屆 廣達青少年特別獎

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年11月15日攝於臺中市都會公園。使用Canon 5D3，f/5.6，快門1/640s，ISO 100。後製：裁切構圖。

On November 15, 2015, this image was taken in Taichung Metropolitan Park with a Canon 5D3, f/5.6, shutter speed 1/640s, ISO 100. Post-proceesing: Cropping and composition.

優選

挑釁

Eagle and Crow Competition

鄭琪叡

京都鴨川畔正上演黑鳶和烏鴉之間的對決。小嘴烏鴉不斷驚擾停棲在枝頭和廣告看板上的黑鳶，試圖將黑鳶驅離食物豐富的溪床。適應都市環境的黑鳶及烏鴉，以人們所留下的食物及垃圾為食，兩者的食性和棲地相當而形成競爭，在鴨川畔不時可看見兩者相互追逐。此照片展現出烏鴉與黑鳶在都市環境中的相互關係，並且捕捉到一隻烏鴉試圖直接衝向黑鳶的精彩瞬間。

Along the Kamo River in Kyoto, Japan, a crow continuously agitates an eagle perched on a lamp rod over a billboard. It is attempting to drive the eagle from the riverbed, which is rich in food sources. The eagle and crow have adapted to the urban environment, as well as to foraging for food left behind or thrown away by humans. The feeding habits and perching places of these two species have become increasingly similar, resulting in competition. In this part of Kyoto, it is possible to see these two species of birds chasing after one another. This image presents the relationships between them in an urban environment.

第三屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年6月2日上午6時半攝於京都鴨川旁。使用Nikon D7000及Nikon AF-S 300毫米，f/4D，IF-ED進行拍攝（f/6.3，1/2500s，ISO 400，白平衡手動）。在京都參訪時住在鴨川附近，注意早晨時常有黑鳶出現，為了捕捉黑鳶低飛和覓食的鏡頭，選天氣好的日子前往鴨川，此日巧遇小嘴烏鴉與黑鳶相互驅趕，幸運紀錄到當時情況。

This image was taken next to the Kamo River in Kyoto, Japan at around 6:30 am on June 2, 2016. Equipment included Nikon D7000 and Nikon AF-S 300mm, F/4D, IF-ED (f/6.3, 1/2500s, ISO 400, manual white balance) without editing or cropping. During the week I visited Kyoto, I stayed near the Kamo River. I noticed that there were eagles around this river in the early morning. To capture them in flight, hunting at low altitude, I chose several days of good weather to photograph along the river. On this day, I encountered this Corvus corone and eagle trying to drive each other away, and recorded the scene.

第二屆 佳作

成家

Preparing to Start a Family

吳昶甫

黑頭織布鳥為籠園逸鳥，目前已在臺灣部分地區建立族群。雄鳥會採集植物編織鳥巢，作為繁殖之用，可是築巢期間稍不注意便會被其他鳥搶走，甚至兩隻鳥因此大打出手。如果有雌鳥看中這個鳥巢，便會與雄鳥交配產卵。雌鳥孵蛋期間，雄鳥會持續修補並保護鳥巢的安全。

The village weaver (Ploceus cucullatus) has set up colonies in parts of Taiwan. The males of the species collect plant material to weave a nest for breeding purposes. During the weaving period, the nest can be taken over by other birds, which can result in fierce fighting. If a female likes a nest it will mate with the male that made it and lay eggs in it. During the incubation period, the male will continue to repair and protect the nest.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2014年6月攝於新竹。使用Nikon D800，500毫米，f/4，以Lightroom進行照片的飽和度及銳利度調整後輸出為jpg檔。三張照片分別表達築巢初期的困難、跟其他鳥爭奪防衛鳥巢的艱辛，和最後鳥巢的完成。

Taken in Hsinchu in June 2014. Equipment and settings included Nikon D800, 500mm, f/4. Lightroom was used to carry out saturation and adjustment of sharpness followed by saving into jpg file. The three photographs represent: difficulties in the initial stage of weaving a nest, fierce fighting between competitors and completion of the nest.

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巧遇蛇蜥護卵

Glass Lizard Protecting Its Eggs

黃福盛

臺灣中海拔潮濕森林中，棲息著一種奇特的爬行動物──脆蛇蜥（又名哈特氏蛇蜥）。牠是臺灣最大型的蜥蜴，卻因特殊的生態習性而非常罕見。牠的外觀似蛇類，但其實是沒有腳的蜥蜴，很特別吧？那次的意外相遇，幸運記錄到即將脫皮而體色偏白的雌性個體；更幸運的是，記錄到罕見的護卵行為。當下因興奮顫抖到連相機都拿不穩，但又怕驚動到牠，逼迫自己儘可能保持冷靜，複雜的情緒難以言喻，很高興能將這美好的一幕記錄下來。

In the damp forests in mid-elevation areas in Taiwan lives a unique reptile - Dopasia harti. It looks like a snake, but is actually a legless lizard and the largest lizard species in Taiwan. Due to its particular ecological habits, it is rarely seen. I was fortunate to encounter this female in the process of shedding its skin, which is why it appears whitish in color. I was even more fortunate to record its rarely seen egg protecting behavior. I was so excited that I was shaking and had a difficult time keeping the camera still. But, I was also worried about startling it. So, I forced myself to calm down. That experience is difficult to describe, but I am happy to have recorded it.

第三屆 拓凱獎

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2015年9月13日攝於臺灣南部中海拔森林。使用Nikon D810 +魚眼鏡頭。後製以軟體ViewNX2調高0.5曝光度，稍微裁切並轉成JPG檔，用軟體Photoshop修正白平衡。下午與學弟在南部中海拔森林觀察動物，在林下記錄方胸隱翅蟲羽化時，學弟興奮地說腐木中有隻白色的爬行動物，於是一起將腐木塊沿著裂痕拿起，見到正在護卵的脆蛇蜥。緩慢離開蛇蜥媽媽的視線後，趕緊將相機換上魚眼鏡頭，連同記錄蛇蜥護卵的棲地環境。由於主體相對較暗，使用低出力閃光搭配柔光罩補光，好讓蛇蜥與藍天一同呈現。因不想打擾牠們太久，總共拍攝了8張照片，檢視有中焦後，立即與學弟小心地將腐木塊蓋回去。約定短期內不告訴任何人確切的地點，以確保蛇蜥們不再受到驚擾。找尋腐木中的昆蟲時，意外發現正在護卵的蛇蜥，不鼓勵大家刻意去尋找護卵的個體。

On September 13, 2015, this image was photographed in mid-elevation forest in southern Taiwan. Nikon D810 + fish eye lens, and Omni-Bounce diffuser were used with application of ViewNX2 software to increase the exposure to 0.5. Then, the image was lightly cropped and transferred to JPG format. Photoshop was used to correct the white balance. A friend and I were recording the eclosion of an insect of the Tribe Leptochirini when my friend excitedly pointed out a white reptile in a rotting log. We removed a piece of rotting wood along the crack and saw this Dopasia harti protecting its eggs. We slowly left the lizard's line of sight and changed to a fish eye lens. As the subject was somewhat concealed, we used low power flash and Omni-Bounce diffuser to enhance the light. We took a total of 8 photographs. After reviewing them, we carefully replaced the piece of rotting wood, agreeing to not reveal the exact location in the short term to ensure that this lizard remained undisturbed. We accidentally discovered this lizard. I do not encourage people to purposefully seek out nesting individuals.

優選

凱門鱷與蚊

Caiman and Mosquitoes

李浩銘

這隻凱門鱷是2016年寒假在厄瓜多爾的亞馬遜雨林裡拍攝的。在照片中，可以看到鱷魚身上有很多蚊子，有些人可能會問：「鱷魚全身遍布堅厚的鱗甲，蚊子怎麼能穿透鱷魚的鱗甲呢？」大家可不要小看蚊子，這種蚊科昆蟲，不但能精確找到皮膚暴露、毛細血管密集的眼瞼部位，還能靠牠的刺吸式口器取食凱門鱷的血液。大自然總是這麼奇妙，鱷魚雖然能攻擊人類，但是得受蚊的折磨！這隻倒楣的鱷魚已經被群蚊圍攻了！

This Caiman crocodilus was photographed during my 2016 winter break in the Amazon rainforest of Ecuador. In this photograph, a caiman is covered in mosquitoes. Some people may ask, "How can a mosquito penetrate a caiman's hard, thick scales?" Do not underestimate the mosquito. These insects of the Family Culicidae can find areas of exposed skin where capillaries are concentrated, such as the eyelids, then use their piercing-sucking mouthparts to obtain blood. Nature is really amazing. Although caimans can attack humans, they also have to deal with being tortured by mosquitoes, such as this unfortunate individual.

第三屆 廣達青少年特別獎

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年2月7日攝於厄瓜多爾亞馬遜雨林。使用Canon EOS 5D Mark III+ Tamron SP 150-600毫米，ISO 500，226毫米，f/5.6，1/250s。

This image was taken in the Amazon rainforest of Ecuador on February 7, 2016 with a Canon EOS 5D Mark III + Tamron SP 150-600mm, ISO 500, 226mm, f/5.6, 1/250s.

優選

第一屆 佳作

基因表現的圖騰

Genetic Totem

張小慧 黃偉倫 秦咸靜 王繼廣

螢光基因轉錄而成的螢光蛋白質，可透過特殊波長的光觀察到螢光表現。這類大鼠原本應全身表現紅螢光，但圖中這隻大鼠在單細胞胚期時，我們給予一個啟動訊息，使得在特定位置發生基因重組現象，基因重組的細胞由原來的紅色螢光轉而呈現綠色螢光。利用這樣的變色技術，我們可以用來研究與評估各種基因表現的時間點、量與位置。圖中這隻大鼠的細胞並非全面發生重組，只呈現局部變色的圖案，造就了一個美麗的意外。

The active fluorescent protein translated from the fluorescent gene can be observed using a special wavelength of light. This rat should be fluorescent red all over, but because the researchers set a designated switch for its genes to recombine during the embryonic stage, it turned from fluorescent red to fluorescent green. Using this changing color technique, we can research and predict gene expression over time, as well as quantity and location. The rat pictured here has not undergone complete gene recombination. Therefore, only a part of its body has changed color, creating this beautiful accident.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年5月23日攝於國家實驗研究院國家實驗動物中心。實驗大鼠品系名稱：SD-Tg（UBC-fRed/GFP）26Narl Tg (Col1a1 (5A）-Cre）01Narl雙基因轉殖大鼠。使用設備：相機 Canon 500D，鏡頭Canon 18-55毫米變焦鏡，暗房中使用NightSea Dual Fluorescent Protein Flashlight 之 GFP綠色螢光蛋白激發光源與濾鏡拍攝。ISO 200，曝光4秒，無後製。

Taken at the National Applied Research Laboratories, National Laboratory Animal Center on May 23, 2013. Breed of rat: SD-Tg (UBC-fRed/GFP) 26Narl Tg (Col1a1 (5A) –Cre) 01Narl hybrid cloned rat. Equipment: Canon 500D, Canon 18-55mm zoom lens, stimulated light of GFP green fluorescent protein from the NightSea Dual Fluorescent Protein Flashlight paired with photo filter to photograph in a dark room; ISO 200, exposure time 4 seconds. No post-processing.

第三屆 佳作

森林攝影師

Forest Photographer

黃恒日

猴，靈長之族，每觀其狀，如照鏡中人類，思人之往昔與性情。大概也是觀猴察人情之思慮，我開始了拍猴之路，1年時間，20幾次來到牠們的聚居地，跟蹤拍攝，記錄喜怒哀樂，用鏡頭見證興衰榮辱，一代代小猴子的出生、 成長，猴王王位之爭的殘酷與悲壯。拍猴是猴，既為猴，便有猴子的天性。好動活潑，愛模仿，在樹梢之間輕盈靈動，如森林裡的精靈。拍猴不是猴，繪其似人之狀。牠們對相機世界的好奇給我歡樂，母子相依的溫情給我感動，地位食物之爭給我思考。一年的拍攝，累積的是猴子的故事，豐厚的是我的心靈。

Every time I observe monkeys, these primates, it is like looking into a human mirror. Over a period of one year, I came to where these monkeys lived more than 20 times, tracking them, photographing them and recording their every mood from happy to angry to sad. Through the lens, I captured them in many situations and behaviors. I witnessed juvenile monkeys growing into adults and the competition for alpha male turn cruel. These monkeys are active and like to imitate. They move gracefully among the treetops, like spirits of the forest. They are curious about the camera and come to play with it. The warmth between mother and child moved me and the competition for food and position made me think. During that year of photography, I accumulated many stories of these monkeys, which have enriched my life.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2016年攝於福建省武夷山野生動物保護區，使用Nikon D800E、70-200，捕捉猴子擺弄相機的瞬間。

These images were photographed in 2016 in a wildlife sanctuary in the Wuxi Mountains of China's Fujian Province. Nikon D800E, 70-200 was used to capture the monkeys playing with the camera.

微觀的世界

Microscopic World

果蠅長期記憶的腦細胞

Long-term Memory of the Fruit Fly

楊美美 邱美慈 陳俊朝

「腦科學研究中心」以獨步全球的技術，建構全球第一個果蠅腦神經網路體三維影像資料庫。複雜的人腦有近千億神經細胞，果蠅僅有約10萬，神經網絡比人腦簡單許多，仍可表現諸多如人類細緻又複雜的行為。科學家已定出果蠅的所有基因序列，藉果蠅作為研究行為實驗的動物模式。已有研究成果發表於2012年知名國際期刊Science，發現長期記憶儲存於果蠅腦內特定的神經元，且必需有特定基因的表現參與其中。

The Brain Research Center with its unrivaled technology has created the world’s first 3D fruit fly neural network database. The human brain has close to 100 billion neurons while the fruit fly has about 100,000. Although their neural network is more simplistic, it can behave in a complicated and meticulous way similar to that of a human being. Scientists have already identified and recorded the genome of the fruit fly and have used it as an animal model for scientific research. Results were published in 2012 in the international journal “Science.” It was discovered long ago that long-term memory is stored in a pair of specific neurons of the fruit fly, which is activated by specific genes.

第一屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2013年9月15日攝於國立清華大學腦科學研究中心。設備：單眼數位相機、近攝鏡頭、近攝環、閃光燈、冷光燈。利用基因操作將螢光蛋白表現至特定果蠅腦神經，固定大腦組織以製備成果蠅腦樣本，再以解剖顯微鏡解剖果蠅腦。神經影像：果蠅腦神經所發出的螢光訊號由共軛焦顯微鏡記錄，影像擷取使用40倍水鏡，共軛焦顯微鏡還具調整雷射光源掃瞄器、全自動螢光顯微鏡與高解析影像紀錄電腦系統共同組成。再進行3D影像處理合成。本計畫由玄奘大學校內專題計畫補助。「腦內玄機」—臺灣科學研究之光。

Taken at the Brain Research Center of National Tsing Hua University on September 15, 2013. Equipment: Single lens reflex camera, close up camera lens, close up adaptor ring, flash, cold cathode. Gene manipulation enabled the fluorescent protein to present itself in specific cranial nerves of the fruit fly. Cerebral tissue was fixed to make a sample of the brain of the fruit fly. Then, stereomicroscope was used to dissect the brain of the fruit fly. Nerve image: The fluorescence signal output from the cranial nerves was recorded with a confocal microscope and captured by a water immersion objective at 40 X magnification, laser scanner, automatic fluorescence microscope and high resolution image recording system. Then, a 3D image was produced and retouched. This “Mystery of the Brain”project was funded by Hsuan Chuang University. This is truly a milestone in Taiwan’s scientific research.

以花之名

In the Name of Flowers

林雅婷

感覺初級神經細胞：背根神經節，在離體培養下，不受拘束的生長並綻放，這是神經細胞美麗與堅韌的代表。

Primary sensory cells: The growth of the dorsal root ganglion does not stop when cultured in vitro. This represents the beauty and tenacity of nerve cells.

第二屆 佳作

技術說明 Technical Introduction

2014年6月攝於長庚大學神經藥理學實驗室。背根神經節初級細胞培養後，經多聚甲醛固定並進行免疫螢光染色，使用Alexa Fluor 488染劑標定CGRP蛋白，佐以DAPI標定細胞核。使用Olympus正立螢光光學顯微鏡，利用紫外光激發、藍光激發螢光濾片取得螢光，以20倍物鏡和10倍目鏡放大後攝影，將激發出的藍色和綠色螢光相疊後取得影像。

Taken at Chang Gung University’s Neuropharmacology Laboratory in June 2014. After cultivating the dorsal root ganglion, it was set with paraformaldehyde and dyed with immunofluorescence. The process involved the usage of Alexa Fluor 488 dye to demarcate the CGRP Protein and DAPI to demarcate the nucleus. Using an Olympus fluorescence microscope, ultraviolet and blue lasers stimulated the fluorescent filter to create the fluorescence. Image capture was carried out with 20x objective lens and 10x ocular lens . The stimulated blue and green fluorescence was then stacked together to create the image.

第三屆 佳作

神經脈絡

Neural Network

林雅婷 許博泓

神經脈絡就像現今社會的人際網絡，密集且繁複。誰接著誰，誰又牽著誰；誰右手拉著東，誰又左手勾著西。本作品利用神經細胞染色，突顯出社會中個體與個體間繁雜的人際交往關係，人與人或許無關係卻又有關係，環環相扣，牽一髮而動全身。

Neural networks resemble modern-day social networks in that they are highly concentrated and complicated. One follows another. One is linked to another. One pulls toward the east with the right hand and to the west with the left. This image makes use of dyed nerve cells to present the complex relationships in society and among individuals. Although some people do not appear to be related, they are. Everyone is connected.

技術說明 Technical Introduction

使用背根神經節細胞培養後，利用螢光染色，將細胞核染成藍色；將神經傳導物質染成綠色與紅色。螢光物質標記後使用螢光顯微鏡取像，後經影像編輯軟體編修對比與亮度。

After dorsal root ganglia were cultured, fluorescent dye was used to dye the nuclei blue. Substances from nerve transmission were dyed green and red. After labeling of fluorescent matter, the image was obtained on fluorescence microscope. Then, image editing software was used to adjust contrast and brightness.

這是「驚豔．新視野：科學攝影大賽」第三次接受參賽者投稿，攝影水準及科學素養都在穩步提升。開展的意義有兩層：一是提供參賽者更大的展示平臺，讓好作品有更多人能欣賞；二是讓更多的人愛上科學、愛上攝影，提高人們的科學素養。

This is the third time that the "Amazing New Visions: Science Images" photography competition has been held. Each time there has been gradual increases in the levels of photography and understanding of science. There are two levels of meaning to this exhibition. First, it provides participants with a platform to exhibit their works to a wide audience. Second, it encourages people to fall in love with science and photography, resulting in the elevation of the level of science literacy.

~褚波　Chu, Bo

索引 Index of Credits

祕鏡，以等待的霎時，見證科學相遇的存在。

The hidden lens, while waiting for that one instant, is a witness to the existence of science.

~楊翎　Yang , Lin

本刊由科技部「科普活動─驚豔新視野：科學攝影特展暨巡迴展」計畫補助出版。特此致謝。

（編號 MOST 104-2515-S-178-003-MY2，計畫主持人：楊翎）

第 一 屆 驚豔‧新視野

指導單位：教育部
主辦單位：國立自然科學博物館
聯合主辦：財團法人國立自然科學博物館文教基金會、科學人雜誌、環球科學雜誌
協辦單位：臺灣水泥股份有限公司、和平電力股份有限公司、三緯企業股份有限公司

第 二 屆 自然與藝術之迷

指導單位：教育部、科技部

主辦單位：國立自然科學博物館

聯合主辦：財團法人國立自然科學博物館文教基金會、科學人雜誌、環球科學雜誌、

財團法人廣達文教基金會

協辦單位：三緯企業股份有限公司、惠宇營建機構惠信建設股份有限公司、

拓凱實業股份有限公司、財團法人劍潭古寺

第 三 屆 等待>祕鏡

指導單位：教育部、科技部

主辦單位：國立自然科學博物館

聯合主辦：財團法人國立自然科學博物館文教基金會、北京自然博物館、科學人雜誌、

財團法人廣達文教基金會

協辦單位：拓凱教育基金會、財團法人紀慧能藝術文化基金會

第一屆 　http://web2.nmns.edu.tw/Exhibits/103/AmazingNewVisions/
第二屆 　http://web2.nmns.edu.tw/Exhibits/104/2015ScienceImages/index.html
第三屆 　http://web3.nmns.edu.tw/Exhibits/106/2017ScienceImages/
徵件官網 http://sic.nmns.edu.tw/106/winners.html

國家圖書館出版品預行編目(CIP)資料

等待>祕鏡：2014~2017科學攝影事件簿選集

Waiting for the Moment > Through a Hidden Lens: Science Images 2014~2017

出 版 / 國立自然科學博物館 National Museum of Natural Science

地 址 / 臺灣臺中市館前路一號 1, Guancian Rd., Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C

電 話 / (04)23226940

網 址 / www.nmns.edu.tw

發 行 人 / 孫維新

策 劃 / 周文豪、何恭算

主 編 / 楊翎

審 稿 / 蔡經甫、曾惠芸、賴郁雯、黃興倬、楊海莉、陳輝樺、陳彥君、何恭算、楊宗愈、黃文山、詹美鈴

執行編輯 / 蘇麗英

專文作者 / 楊翎、江品君、楊潔如等

美術編輯 / 厚厚設計工作室

英文翻譯 / 羅雪柔

校 對 / 王筱萍

承 印 / 臺灣身心障礙人福利促進協會　

發行日期 / 2018年1月第一版

定 價 / 新臺幣500 元

ISBN/ 978-986-05-5016-0　(精裝)

G P N / 1010700037

展售門市/ 國立自然科學博物館員工消費合作社 地址：404臺中市館前路1號 電話：(04)23226940轉354

五南文化廣場 地址：400臺中市中山路2號 電話：(04)22260330 網址：http://www.wunan.com.tw

國家書局松江門市 地址：104臺北市松江路209號1樓 電話：(02)25180207

國家網路書店：www.govbooks.com.tw

等待>祕鏡 : 科學攝影事件簿選集. 2014-2017 / 楊翎, 江品君, 楊潔如專文.

-- 第一版. -- 臺中市 : 自然科學博物館, 2018.01

　面 ; 　公分

ISBN 978-986-05-5016-0(精裝)

1.攝影集 2.科學攝影

957.9 106024688